The price of a barrel of crude oil doubled within a few months last year. Although prices have been easing lately, for those who paid more than $3 for a gallon of gas, the memory is not likely to fade quickly. But worries about higher gas prices don’t end at the pump. Oil price shocks—sudden and sharp increases in the price of oil and its derivatives like gasoline—are associated in the popular ...

Previous work shows that policies that subsidize new vehicles and tax size, miles, or gasoline efficiently reduce pollution. Less is known about their distributional effects. This paper examines distributional effects by estimating the joint demand for vehicles and miles, using the Consumer Expenditure Survey. Greater price responsiveness among low-income households enhances progressivity of ga...

T R I B O L O G Y & L U B R I C A T I O N T E C H N O L O G Y W W W . S T L E . O R G wide range of approaches have been undertaken to determine how to reduce emissions from automotive engines. in a previous TLT article, the development of the homogeneous charge compression ignition (hCCi) engine was discussed. When used in place of a conventional gasoline engine, an hCCi engine can produce a 1...

Research related to the magnetization of fossil fuels is currently believed be able improve quality combustion due cluster decluster effect on fuel. Fossil are finite and non-renewable. Meanwhile, non-fossil energy, especially bioethanol, despite having more environmentally friendly exhaust gas emissions higher octane rating than gasoline, has a lower calorific value gasoline. To overcome this ...

By using a solvent-based method composites of ethylenevinyl acetate copolymer and carbon black (EVA-CB) were synthesized for sensing BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene) vapours. The composites were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM) in an electroconductive mode. Gas sensing results show that EVA-CB can reproducibly detect BTEX and that the response increases linearly...

Due to a scarcity of fossil fuel supplies and concerns about pollution, the use ethanol in gasoline has become priority automobile industry. This paper aims investigate effect different ethanol-gasoline blend ratios, namely E20 (% + % gasoline), E50 E75 (75% 25% gasoline) on 1.6 L turbocharged, 4-cylinder, 2017 Proton Preve Premium CFE CVT engine, where E0 (pure is taken as reference fuel. In a...

background: to evaluate relation between air pollution and rate of flare and   hospital admission among ibd patients. methods: during a 10 months period, the number and average duration of hospitalization of patients admitted in gi ward due to ibd flare were recorded in an industrial capital city. concomitantly the level of 4 major air pollutants including so2, co, no2 and o3 measured and the c...

BACKGROUND Interest in hybrid-electric vehicles (HEVs) has recently spiked, partly due to an increasingly negative view toward the U.S. foreign oil dependency and environmental concerns. Though HEVs are becoming more common, they have a significant price premium over gasoline-powered vehicles. One of the primary drivers of this "hybrid premium" is the cost of the vehicles' batteries. This paper...

(a) Interim Report: urgent measures that should be implemented to prevent harmful air pollutants (October 18, 1996). (b) Report No. 2: measures to reduce exhaust emissions from motor vehicles that utilize gasoline or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as fuel, hereafter they are referred to as gasolineor LPG-fueled motor vehicles, respectively, and also special motor vehicles, which are the largeand...