Fuel vapour composition and flammability properties of E85 A series of experiments have been conducted to study the flammability characteristics and determine the flammable temperature range of E85 fuel vapours. E85 is a mixture of ethanol and petrol the composition varies depending on time of the year. According to the Swedish standard, SS 155480:2006, the ethanol content may not be below 70 %...

The development of high safety lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is greatly impeded by the flammability and leakage concerns typical organic solvent-based electrolytes. As one alternative classes electrolytes, hydrogel electrolytes exhibit safety, flexibility, low cost, are benign to environment. However, narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW) restricts operating voltage battery cells. Here, ...

With the lightest green structural material for 21st century, a significant weight reduction effect was expected to solve lightweight problem in aerospace and other fields. However, material’s poor mechanical properties flammability limited its widely application such In this paper, GWK series alloys (Mg-5.3Gd-4.11Y-0.13Zr, Mg-5.5Gd-4.22Y-0.19Zr, Mg-5.46Gd-4.02Y-0.20Zr, wt.%) were designed, we ...

During a fire, passive fire protection systems are designed to prevent the spread of flames, smoke, and toxic gases. The new fire-retardant (FR) material, used for protection, is created by combining copolymers (VC–co–VAc) (Slovinyl KV 173) PVC K70 with expanded graphite plasticizers/modifiers such as diisononyl phthalate - DINP, terephthalate DINTP, dioctyl adipate DOA, well plasticizers that ...

Hazards caused by leakage of hydrocarbons have long been a problem. In this paper, the critical initiation energy and explosion limits of some hydrocarbon-air mixtures have been measured in confined (rectangle shock tube) and unconfined (plastic bag) condition tests. Two dimensionless parameters are suggested to compare the fire and explosion hazards of different hydrocarbons. Additionally, a s...

There have been no reports of serious adverse reactions with the use of topical ivermectin in a limited number of patients (i.e., fewer than 400).1,2 Ivermectin 0.5% lotion does not have the neurotoxicity concerns of lindane or the flammability concerns of malathion (Ovide).2,3 The safety of the lotion has not been established in patients younger than six months, and use in this age group is no...

Polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam is a robust thermal insulation material utilized widely in the modern construction. In this work, flammability of one representative example was studied systematically using experiments and modeling. The decomposition analyzed through thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, microscale combustion calorimetry. transport properties pyrolyzing were...