The steel plate shear wall is one of the seismic resistance devices which installed in flame building to improve horizontal stiffness and strength. Shear force loaded on when acts building. In order prevent overall buckling by force, some stiffeners are welded types arrangements. Therefore, design very important strength deterioration maintain restoring force.

We investigate the propagation of a premixed flame subject to thermal expansion through a narrow channel against a Poiseuille flow of large amplitude. This is the first study to consider the effect of a large-amplitude flow, characterised by a Péclet number of order one, Pe= O(1), on a variable-density premixed flame in the asymptotic limit of a narrow channel. It is also the first study on Tay...

An analysis is carried out of the steady spread of a flame with infinitely fast kinetics over a thermally thin solid rod in the absence of gravity. Due to the radial convergence on the solid surface of the heat flux heating and vaporizing the fuel, the spread rate is found to be higher than for a flame spreading over a slab, and the region of the gas around the flame which is affected by molecu...

Nonlinear non-stationary equation describing evolution of weakly curved premixed flames with arbitrary gas expansion, subject to the Landau-Darrieus instability, is derived. The new equation respects all the conservation laws to be satisfied across the flame front, as well as correctly takes into account influence of vorticity, generated in the flame, on the flame front structure and flame velo...

The recent implementation of new environmental legislations led to a change in the manufacturing of composites that has repercussions on printed wiring boards (PWB). This in turn led to alternate processing methods (e.g., lead-free soldering), which affected the required physical and chemical properties of the additives used to impart flame retardancy. This review will discuss the latest advanc...

Title of Document: Flame Extinction and Air Vitiation Effects In FDS In Poorly Ventilated Compartment Fires Zhixin Hu, Master Thesis, 2005 Directed by: Arnaud Trouvé, Associate Professor Department of Fire Protection Abstract: Compartment fires with different ventilation conditions exhibit different dynamical behaviors, ranging from steady fuel-limited fires to unsteady airlimited fires. Numeri...

The protonephridial systems of a number of metazoa consist, in part, of flame cells or flame bulbs which are specialized structures attached to paired collecting tubules. In rotifers, each tubule is said to bear two to eight (1) or more (2) flame bulbs. These structures are located in the pseu-docoelomic cavity and are believed to function in the control of osmotic pressure and, possibly, in th...

Large-eddy simulation of premixed combustion is a computational challenge, because complex diffusion and reaction processes often occur in very thin layers. The interaction of these processes with turbulence determines the main properties of the flame brush, such as its burning velocity or its thickness. In turbulent flows, the large vortices wrinkle the flame brush and increase its surface, wh...

Currently, the introducing of basalt and natural fibers into different geopolymer swift growth geopolymers. Despite geopolymers have good properties such as fire resistance, flame higher compressive strength durability, they suffer from low tensile flexural strength. Different types were used to increase strength, fracture toughness ductility The current article goals brief available earlier st...

Concern has mounted over health effects caused by exposure to flame retardant additives used in consumer products. Significant research efforts have focused particularly on exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) used in furniture and electronic applications. However, little attention has focused on applications in textiles, particularly textiles meeting a flammability standard known...