In Multiple Sclerosis (MS), detection of T2-hyperintense white matter (WM) lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a crucial criterion for diagnosis and predicting prognosis in early disease. Automated lesion detection is not only desirable with regard to time and cost effectiveness but also constitutes a prerequisite to minimize user bias. Here, we developed and evaluated an alg...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diffusion-weighted MR imaging is generally acknowledged to be more sensitive in detecting acute stroke than is conventional MR imaging. Our purpose in the present study was to evaluate the utility of fast fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MR imaging compared with that of diffusion-weighted MR imaging for the diagnosis of hyperacute stroke. METHODS We reviewed ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We assessed whether the extent of macro- and microscopic disease in the cortical and subcortical brain tissue, as revealed by MR and magnetization transfer (MT) imaging, correlates with cognitive dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS Dual-echo rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE), fast fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (fast-FLA...

Traditionally, the most widely used criteria for response assessment in glioblastoma have been Macdonald and the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST). Recently, new criteria addressing contrast enhancement and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR)/T2 hyperintensity have been defined (the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology criteria) to better evaluate the effect of anti...

BACKGROUND Autopsy studies showed cortical and juxtacortical multiple sclerosis (MS) plaques. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) is an advanced magnetic resonance imaging sequence that reveals tissue T2 prolongation with cerebrospinal fluid suppression, allowing detection of superficial brain lesions. OBJECTIVES To assess FLAIR, T1-weighted, and T2-weighted images for detecting lesio...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The use of a high-resolution T2-weighted MR sequence, which suppresses signal from both fat and water, has been shown to be highly effective for depicting areas of inflammatory damage within the optic nerve. The ability of this sequence to show neoplastic and inflammatory orbital lesions, which may mimic neuritis, is unknown. This study was designed to examine the charact...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We investigated the intra- and interrater reliability of ischemic lesion volumes measurements assessed by different MRI sequences at various times from onset. METHODS Ischemic lesion volumes were measured for intrarater reliability using diffusion-weighted (DWI), mean transit time (MTT) perfusion and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI at chronic (>3 days fr...

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has recently evolved as valuable technique to investigate diffuse axonal injury (DAI). This study examined whether fractional anisotropy (FA) images analyzed by statistical parametric mapping (FA-SPM images) are superior to T(2)*-weighted gradient recalled echo (T2*GRE) images or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images for detecting minute lesions in tr...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate the diagnostic utility of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) in differentiating between glioma and metastasis by assessing for nonenhancing adjacent cortical signal intensity abnormality in patients who present with a solitary enhancing cerebral lesion. METHODS After approval from the institutional ethics committee wa...