background and purpose: multiple choice tests are the most common type of tests used in evaluating the general english knowledge of the students in most medical universities, however the efficacy of these tests are not examined precisely. we compare and examine the integrative tests and discrete point tests as   measures of the english language knowledge of medical students. methods: three test...

The success of bilingual immersion programmes has promoted the debate about whether learners’ first language (L1) should be used in foreign classrooms. Nevertheless, Content and Language Integrated Learning, a pedagogical approach embedded development multilingualism multiliteracy theories, overstepped monolingual principle by allowing for more flexibility choice instructional languages. Previo...

this study is an attempt to answer three questions: first, whether there is a difference between the grammatical competence de- velopment of a group of children aged 2;6 vs. a group of children aged 3;6. second, whether there is a relationship between the children’s age and their mlu on the one hand and their speech and the caretakers’ speech on the other. third, whether or not the normal limit...