We have previously shown that underground railway particulate matter (PM) is rich in iron and other transition metals across coarse (PM10-2.5), fine (PM2.5), and quasi-ultrafine (PM0.18) fractions and is able to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, there is little knowledge of whether the metal-rich nature of such particles exerts toxic effects in mucus-covered airway epithelial cel...

Recent epidemiological evidence supports the hypothesis that health effects from inhalation of ambient particulate matter (PM) are governed by more than just the mass of PM inhaled. Both specific chemical components and sources have been identified as important contributors to mortality and hospital admissions, even when these end points are unrelated to PM mass. Sources may cause adverse healt...

Swine operations can affect air quality by emissions of odor, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other gases, and particulate matter (PM). Particulate matter has been proposed to be an important pathway for carrying odor. However, little is known about the odor‐VOCs‐PM interactions. In this research, continuous PM sampling was conducted simultaneously with three collocated TEOM analyzers ins...

The high efficiency of diesel engines, their low operating costs, high durability and reliability have provided them with a leadership role in the heavy-duty vehicle market. Recently, diesel engines also achieved a growing share of the light-duty vehicle market, especially in those areas where fuel costs are high. This trend of growth of the diesel market requires a careful evaluation of the re...

Introduction: High concentration of inhalable airborne particles can increase the risk of lung disease in exposed people. This study aimed to determine the respirable particulate matter (PM5) concentration in traditional bakeries of Saveh in 2020. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 25 bakeries where the samples were collected by cyclone and teflon...

The authors studied the association between incidence of primary cardiac arrest and daily measures of fine particulate matter (</=2.5 micro m) using a case-crossover study of 1,206 Washington State out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (1985-1994) among persons with (n = 774) and without (n = 432) clinically recognized heart disease. The authors compared particulate matter levels on the day of the ca...

Studies of the effect of air pollution on cognitive health are often limited to populations living near cities that have air monitoring stations. Little is known about whether the estimates from such studies can be generalized to the U.S. population, or whether the relationship differs between urban and rural areas. To address these questions, we used a satellite-derived estimate of fine partic...

The concentrations of inorganic aerosol components in the fine particulate matter (PM(fine)< or =2.5 microm) consisted of primarily ammonium, sodium, sulfate, nitrate, and chloride are related to the transfer time scale between gas to particle phase, which is a function of the ambient temperature, relative humidity, and their gas phase constituent concentrations in the atmosphere. This study in...

Epidemiologic studies have shown that airborne particulate matter (PM) with a mass median aerodynamic diameter < 10 microm (PM10) is associated with an increase in respiratory-related disease. However, there is a growing consensus that particles < 2.5 microm (PM2.5), including many in the ultrafine (< 0.1 microm) size range, may elicit greater adverse effects. PM is a complex mixture of organic...

BACKGROUND Fine particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with numerous adverse health effects, including increased blood pressure (BP) and vascular dysfunction. Coarse PM substantially contributes to global air pollution, yet differs in characteristics from fine particles and is currently not regulated. However, the cardiovascular (CV) impacts of coarse PM exposure remain largely unk...