Introduction: In this study, dose distribution of the chest wall in post-mastectomy breast cancer patients was evaluated and compared in the tangential wedged beam (TWB) and field-in-field (FIF) plans. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six patients with left-sided breast cancer were enrolled in this study. The FIF and TWB plans were generated for each patient to compare dosimetric parameters of th...

Introduction: This study was conducted to evaluate and quantify the treatment planning performance of MLC-optimized field-in-field planning technique (FIF), also named forward IMRT, versus wedge-based three field (W3F) technique in terms of dosimetric and radiobiological parameters for esophageal carcinoma.   Material and Methods: Twenty patients with esophag...

Background: Field-in-field (FIF) technique for treatment of breast cancer has become a widely performed method over the recent years. However, there was no study in the application of FIF technique in patients with breast cancer undergoing mastectomy and lumpectomy. This study is an attempt to compare dosimetric outcomes after applying the FIF technique in these patients. Materials and Methods:...

aquaporins are integral membrane proteins from a larger family of major intrinsic proteins that formpores in the membrane of biological cells. aquaporins form tetramers in the cell membrane with eachmonomer acting as a water channel.in this research, the aqp4 tetramer was modeled from its pdbstructure file, then, we have performed the intraction of aquaporin4 in different temperatures (298k,300...

two types of paddy combine harvester (head-feed and whole-crop) are commonly available in different widths in developed countries. the use of combine harvesters can greatly decrease labor costs and efficiency. combine harvesters have been introduced in several east asian countries (china, japan, south korea) to decrease costs, but their technical and economic performance has not yet been studie...

a 29 days old pakistani female infant was presented to our outpatient department with two weeks history of a rapidly progressing large size facial hemangioma involving most of the right cheek and right eyelids. the infant was unable to open the right eye. there was also a small hemangioma on the right second toe. additionally, three similar lesions were found on the right side of the palate and...

plants for optimal growth requires absorb water and nutrients absorption from the soil. magnetic water downward movement of minerals and makes it easy for plants to absorb nutrients and water. this study was designed to investigate the effect of magnetic salt water on some quantity and quality characteristics of artichoke leaves. the experiment was factorial based on completely randomized desig...