OBJECTIVE The present study investigates the activity changes of sphingomyelinase (SMase), ceramidase and caspase-3 in colonic mucosa of rats induced by high fat and red meat diets. METHOD For a period of 3 weeks, rats were fed protein without fat (control), high fat only, high fat with beef, and high fat with fiber (cellulose) diets. The fat content (22.4%) was constant in the three high fat...

BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of w...

background: little is known about the effects of a low energy dense diet on weight maintenance and cardiovascular risks following a recent weight reduction. therefore, we assessed if weight maintenance, lipid profiles and glycemic control differ between low energy density diet and usual diet consumers following a recent weight reduction. method s: seventy patients with the history of weight red...

Alkylresorcinols (AR) could be good biomarkers of consumption of fiber-rich cereal products. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between plasma ARs or urinary AR metabolites and cereal fiber intake in women consuming their habitual diet. Twenty-five postmenopausal and 31 premenopausal women were recruited. The subjects included also vegetarians (n = 20) to obtain a broad range...

β-Glucans, mostly from oats, have been shown to reduce blood concentrations of total and LDL-cholesterol in animals and humans. After processing, spent brewer’s yeast, a by-product of the fermentation process, contains 85% 90% βglucans. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of yeast-derived β-glucan fiber on plasma lipids and early atherosclerosis development in hamsters consumin...

Symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) is a syndrome characterized by recurrent abdominal symptoms in patients with colonic diverticula. There is some evidence that a high-fiber diet or supplemental fibers may reduce symptoms in SUDD patients and a high-fiber diet is commonly suggested for these patients. This systematic review aims to update the evidence on the efficacy of fiber...

This study was conducted with different levels (0, 0.25, 0.5,1,2 g) of Zingiber officinale powder per 100 g of common carp commercial diet. Feed was offered for 8 weeks by the post pelleting liquid spraying method. Results showed that there were significant differences in all growth parameters and body composition except in survival rate, Gain Weight Percent (GW%) ,SGR and NFE between treatment...

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of fiber level from alfalfa meal and collection period on intestinal nutrient and energy flow, and hindgut fermentation in growing pigs. Twenty-four pigs (initial BW = 21.4 ± 1.5 kg) were prepared by T-cannula insertion into the distal ileum and allotted to 4 treatments. The pigs were provided a corn-soybean meal control diet or a di...

Medical nutrition therapy plays an important role in the management of diabetes. The purpose of this study was to estimate the nutrient contents of diabetic diet in Jordanian hospitals. Seven-day diabetic menus of ten Jordanian hospitals were weighed in two different periods (summer and winter). Results on six nutrients were determined: energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, cholesterol and dietar...

Several livestock species have the ability to digest fiber via microbial fermentation and to obtain useful energy from this process. However, in ruminants, fermentation of fiber occurs prior to the small intestine (Figure 1). Thus, microbial protein that is produced, as fiber is being digested, is available for digestion to amino acids with subsequent absorption for use by the animal. Although ...