Partial male-sterile (ms(4)/ms(4)) soybeans (Glycine max L. Merr.) and their fertile isoline (Ms(4)/Ms(4)) were grown in adjoining field plots. From 62 until 92 days after emergence, the nitrogenase activity, assayed by acetylene reduction, of the average male-sterile plant was approximately twice that of the average fertile plant. At approximately 100 days after emergence, the assayable nitrog...

This paper presents a spikes removing methodology for ultrasonic rangefinders with an application to a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle. Ultrasonic sensors suffer from spikes in distance measurements due to specular reflectance and acoustic noise. Removing these spikes is necessary for improving the hovering performance of the quadrotor. The spikes removing algorithm is based on the discrete w...

Dendritic spikes are local events that occasionally propagate successfully to the soma, triggering axonal action potentials that backpropagate into the dendrites. In this issue of Neuron, Remy et al. show that single dendritic spikes in hippocampal pyramidal neurons transiently inhibit further dendritic spikes in the same branch, while backpropagating action potentials trigger a widespread redu...

We consider extended variants of spiking neural P systems with decaying spikes (i.e., the spikes have a limited lifetime) and/or total spiking (i.e., the whole contents of a neuron is erased when it spikes). Although we use the extended model of spiking neural P systems, these restrictions of decaying spikes and/or total spiking do not allow for the generation or the acceptance of more than reg...

background: sexual problems have different effects on the life of people by influencing their interpersonal and marital relationships and satisfaction. relationship between sexual dysfunctions and infertility can be mutual. sexual dysfunction may cause difficulty conceiving but also attempts to conceive, may cause sexual dysfunction. objective: this paper compares sexual dysfunction in fertile ...

EEGs were recorded in 86 autistic patients during sleep. Epileptic discharges were observed in 37 cases (43%). Twenty-seven (73%) of these 37 cases had localized spikes, 8 had multiple spike foci, one had generalized spikes, and one had both multiple spike foci and generalized spikes. Forty-seven epileptic discharge foci were registered in 36 cases, the exception being one with generalized spik...

We performed experiments in the cat geniculocortical pathway, in vivo, to examine how presynaptic spikes interact to influence the firing of postsynaptic targets. In particular, we asked (1) how do multiple spikes from a single presynaptic neuron interact to influence the firing of a postsynaptic target (homosynaptic interactions), (2) how do spikes from two different presynaptic neurons intera...

A frightening thought for a computer scientist is that there might be completely different ways of designing computing machinery, that we may miss by focusing on incremental improvements of current designs. In fact, we know that there exist much better design strategies, since the human brain has information processing capabilities that are in many aspects superior to our current computers. Fur...

During periods of market stress, electricity prices can rise dramatically. Electricity retailers cannot pass these extreme prices on to customers because of retail price regulation. Improved prediction of these price spikes, therefore, is important for risk management. This paper builds a time-varying-probability Markov-switching model of Queensland electricity prices, aimed particularly at for...