When the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi ATCC 12616 was grown in fermentor cultures, both intracellular kaurene biosynthetic activities and extracellular GA(3) accumulation reached high levels when exogenous nitrogen was depleted in the culture. Similar patterns were exhibited by several nonrelated enzymatic activities, such as formamidase and urease, suggesting that all are subject to nitrogen reg...

Here we report the complete genome sequence of the chemoorganotrophic, extremely thermophilic bacterium, Dictyoglomus turgidum, which is a Gram negative, strictly anaerobic bacterium. D. turgidum and D. thermophilum together form the Dictyoglomi phylum. The two Dictyoglomus genomes are highly syntenic, and both are distantly related to Caldicellulosiruptor spp. D. turgidum is able to grow on a ...

Microalgae-derived biodiesel has been regarded as a promising alternative for fossil diesel. However, the commercial production of microalgal biodiesel was halted due to its high cost. Here, we presented a pilot study on the industrial production of algal biodiesel. We began with the heterotrophic cultivation of Auxenochlorella protothecoides in a 60-m(3) fermentor that produced biomass at 3.81...

Different carbon sources, glycerol, sorbitol, acetate and lactate were added together with methanol in the induction phase of Pichia pastoris culture for angiostatin production in a 5-L fermentor. Mass balances were carried out for different processes, yield coefficients were discussed and stoichiometric coefficients were estimated to compare the efficiency of different carbon sources. Glycerol...

Polyvinyl alcohol-degrading enzymes (PVAases) have a great potential in bio-desizing processes for its low environmental impact and low energy consumption. In this study, the effect of yeast extract on PVAases production was investigated. A strategy of four-point yeast extract addition was developed and applied to maximize cell growth and PVAases production. As a result, the maximum dry cell we...

Yields of from 200 to 300 mg per liter of aflatoxins B(1) and G(1) were produced by two strains of Aspergillus flavus in 20-liter fermentors under proper conditions of inoculum (well-dispersed growth) and aeration (0.5 volume per volume per min of air, 300 rev/min, 30 psi back pressure, baffles). Peak yields were usually attained in 72 hr, after which the aflatoxin concentration declined rapidl...

This study presents bioconversion of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) to bioethanol using two-sequential steps of acid hydrolysis (10% sulfuric acid) and yeast (Candida intermedia) fermentation. Maximum ethanol yield co-efficient was comparable to those obtained through enzymatic saccharification and fermentation of acid hydrolysate using fully equipped fermentor. A maximum ethanol yield (...

A large number of methanol-utilizing bacteria were screened for extracellular production of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) by using methanol as the carbon and energy sources. Of the bacteria selected, Hyphomicrobium sp. strain TK 0441 was examined for PQQ production by using a jar fermentor. The amount of PQQ in the broth and the level of methanol dehydrogenase activity in the cells were increa...

This article describes the use of chemometric methods for prediction of biological parameters of cell suspensions on the basis of their light scattering profiles. Laser light is directed into a vial or flow cell containing media from the suspension. The intensity of the scattered light is recorded at 18 angles. Supervised learning methods are then used to calibrate a model relating the paramete...