OBJECTIVE To measure and compare the activity of the masseter, temporalis and buccinator muscles in different infant feeding methods. METHOD Cross-sectional study of 60 full-term infants with no intercurrent diseases, aged between two and three months, classified into the following groups: 1) exclusive breastfeeding; 2) breastfeeding plus bottle-feeding; and 3) exclusive breastfeeding plus cu...

Background: Breast feeding is an ideal feeding type for most infants and mothers. We evaluated the effect of early breast-feeding and prenatal education of breastfeeding in maintenance of breast-feeding practice after delivery. Methods: Eighty two pregnant women who experienced vaginal delivery were recruited from the department of obstetrics and gynecology of a university hospital between Janu...

Background Breastfeeding is an ideal method of infant feeding affecting lifelong health, and yet the uptake of breastfeeding in some Indigenous communities in Canada's north is low. Objective The aims of this project were to determine the rate and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in a remote community in the Northwest Territories and to create knowledge translation tools to enhance breas...

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to establish factors influencing HIV-positive mothers to choose to use the Flash-heat (FH) method to feed milk to new-born babies in South Africa. A total of 70 HIV-positive mothers were selected using purposive sampling methods. Backward stepwise binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to establish their willingness to use the FH feed...

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Australian alcohol consumption data for women during the period of pregnancy and lactation is limited. The purpose of this paper is to provide current alcohol consumption data for pregnant and lactating women in Perth, Western Australia (WA). Data were collected from 587 women between mid-September 2002 and mid-July 2003. DESIGN AND METHODS Women from two public hospital...

a survey was made, to study the midwives involvement in preparing the primigravida women for breast feeding, in health centers associated with the ministry of health and medical education (tehran 1993) a total of 50 practicing midwives took part in this study. the tool was a check-list containing two sections. the first part had six items pertaining to the subject,s demographic characteristics....

Human infectiousness to mosquitoes can be estimated by 2 tests: direct feeding on the skin and membrane feeding on venous blood. To validate the membrane feeding assay, the infectiousness of Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte carriers to Anopheles gambiae was estimated by these 2 methods in the same individuals in a rural area of Cameroon. Results from 37 experiments showed that direct feeding ga...

OBJECTIVES To assess if the maternal pre-pregnancy weight status (MPWS) alters the association of early infant feeding pattern (at one and third months) with infant body mass index (BMI) in the first two years of life. METHODS A cohort of 2,220 neonates were recruited in a community-based study conducted in China. Body weight and length were measured at birth, at age one and two, with BMI cal...

OBJECTIVES International guidelines on infant feeding for HIV- positive mothers promote Exclusive Replacement Feeding (ERF) (infant formula or animal milk) or exclusive breastfeeding (with no supplements of any kind). A mixed feeding pattern, where breastfeeding is combined with other milks, liquid foods or solids, has been shown to increase the risk of transmission of HIV and is strongly disco...