The effects of Mg additions on the Fe-containing intermetallic compounds and heterogeneous nucleation ?-Al were investigated in Al-1.4Fe-0.7Mn- x alloys using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) transmission (TEM). experimental results show that morphology Al 6 (Fe,Mn) eutectic structure was significantly modified from needle-like to plate-like then Chinese Script with increasing concentration. ...

In America's search for energy independence, the development of rare-earth free permanent magnets is one hurdle that still stands in the way. Permanent magnet motors provide a higher efficiency than induction motors in applications such as hybrid vehicles and wind turbines. This thesis investigates the ability of two materials, Mn-Al and Zr-Co, to fill this need for a permanent magnet material ...

in order to evaluate the effect of foliar application of micro nutrients on physiological growth indices and total dry matter yield of forage corn. field experiment was conducted in 2006 at bersian village isfahan. a randomized complete block design with four replications was used. plant treated with 8 foliar application treatments (fe, zn, cu, mn, fe + mn, cu + zn, fe + mn + cu + zn and contro...

The influence of iron on the formation Al–Mn–Fe intermetallic compounds (IMCs) has been investigated in solidification Mg–9Al-0.7Zn-0.2Mn (wt.%, AZ91) with contents ranging from ∼0.001 to > 0.01 wt.% Fe. Four IMCs formed depending Fe-content and location crucible: B2–Al(Fe,Mn), Al8Mn5, Al11Mn4 and, at bottom crucibles, Al5Fe2. four nucleated grew one another, producing multiphase particles. The...

Spin tunnel junctions fabricated with one interposed Fe–FeOx layer between the Al2O3 barrier and the top CoFe pinned electrode show large tunneling magnetoresistance ~TMR! ~40%! for anneals up to 380 °C. The annealing temperature TTMR * , where maximum TMR occurs, increases with the inserted Fe–FeOx layer thickness. For samples with thicker inserted layer, the pinned layer moment ~which usually...

Mold powders used in the continuous casting of steel contain the harmful CaF2 as a main substance developing toxic gases such as SiF4 and HF at elevated temperatures. In this study, three samples of I1, I2 and I3, which contained gypsum free Portland cement clinker with different percentages of Fe2O3 (5.68, 6.83, 8.02 ...

ÐSurface coatings (bio®lms and associated minerals) were collected on glass slides in the oxic surface waters of Cayuga Lake (New York State, U.S.A.) and were used to evaluate the relative contributions of Fe, Mn and Al oxides and organic material to total observed Pb and Cd adsorption by the surface coating materials. Several alternative selective extraction techniques were evaluated with resp...

Welding fume contains elements that, in their pure forms, can be hazardous to worker health if inhaled or ingested. Therefore, the chemical composition of welding fume must be examined when considering fume toxicity. Various chemical analysis techniques are presented and their applicability to airborne particles is described. Knowledge of particle size is important because a given characterizat...

Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry (KEMS) is a very powerful technique for studying the vaporization thermodynamics of inorganic systems at high temperatures. Although primarily one examines the vapor phase, information about condensed phases are also obtained through careful measurements and analysis of the results in accordance with the phase rule. In this paper, we have shown the capability ...