INTRODUCTION In intensive agriculture areas the use of pesticides can alter soil properties and microbial community structure with the risk of reducing soil quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study the fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) evolution has been studied in a factorial lab experiment combining five substrates (a soil, two aged composts and their mixtures) treated with a co-applicat...

The cyclic carbonate moiety finds many industrial applications because of its unique chemistry and properties. Phosgene, a highly toxic and corrosive reagent, has been utilized in the past to prepare low yields of fatty ester compounds (1) that contain a five-membered cyclic carbonate group. Herein, we show (CH3)4N HCO3, tetramethylammonium hydrogen carbonate (TMAHC), to react efficiently with ...

Candida dubliniensis is often found in mixed culture with C. albicans, but its recognition is hampered as the color of its colonies in primary culture on CHROMagar Candida varies. Furthermore, definite identification of C. dubliniensis is difficult to achieve, time-consuming, and expensive. Therefore, a method to discriminate between these two closely related yeast species by fatty acid methyl ...

Most biodiesel currently in use consists of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) produced by transesterification of plant oils with methanol. To reduce competition with food supplies, it would be desirable to directly produce biodiesel in microorganisms. To date, the most effective pathway for the production of biodiesel in bacteria yields fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) at up to ~1.5 g/L. A much s...

The development of bacterial biofilms in natural environments may alter important functions, such as pollutant bioremediation by modifying both the degraders' physiology and/or interactions within the matrix. The present study focuses on the influence of biofilm formation on the metabolism of a pesticide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), by Cupriavidus necator JMP134. Pure cultures were ...

Past land use can impart soil legacies that have important implications for ecosystem function. Although these legacies have been linked with microbially mediated processes, little is known about the long-term influence of land use on soil microbial communities themselves. We examined whether historical land use affected soil microbial community composition (lipid profiles) and whether communit...

For more than 15 years, a substantial portion of the pharmaceutical industry has relied on the MIDI Sherlock® Microbial Identification System for identification in their microbiological testing laboratories. The Sherlock System identifies microorganisms based on gas chromatographic (GC) analysis of extracted microbial fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). Microbial fatty acid profiles are unique fr...

Fatty acids are commonly analysed by gas chromatography as their corresponding fatty acid (FA) methyl esters (FAME). For quantitative determination of individual FA an internal standard like C17:0 is necessary. Conjugated FA and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) represents a challenge in the methylation steps, as they are sensitive to pH changes and oxidation. The present study was carried out ...

Forty-seven numerically dominant 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)-degrading bacteria were isolated at different times from 1989 through 1992 from eight agricultural plots (3.6 by 9.1 m) which were either not treated with 2,4-D or treated with 2,4-D at three different concentrations. Isolates were obtained from the most dilute positive most-probable-number tubes inoculated with soil sample...