BACKGROUND Restoring sleep is associated with a broad variety of favorable cognitive, emotional, social and behavioral benefits during the day. This holds particularly true for adolescents, as maturational, social, cognitive, emotional and behavioral changes might unfavorably impact on adolescents' sleep. Among adolescents, poor sleep hygiene practices are a potentially modifiable risk factor t...

In spite of rapid evolution of electronic techniques, a number of large–scale applications continue to rely on the use of paper as the dominant medium. This is especially true for processing of bank checks. This paper examines the issue of reading the numerical amount field. In the case of checks, the segmentation of unconstrained strings into individual digits is a challenging task because of ...

PURPOSE To evaluate a new nuclear cataract grading system which is intended as a surgical guidance system to predict lens hardness before cataract surgery. METHODS The new BCN 10 grading system consists of frontal and cross-sectional slit-lamp images of human eye lenses, ranging from a completely transparent lens nucleus to a totally black nuclear cataract. Validation was done with 9 observer...

Arabic digits are one of the most ubiquitous symbol sets in the world. While there have been many investigations into the neural processing of the semantic information digits represent (e.g. through numerical comparison tasks), little is known about the neural mechanisms which support the processing of digits as visual symbols. To characterise the component neurocognitive mechanisms which under...

The question of whether (and why) the digits of well-known constants of mathematics are statistically random in some sense has long fascinated mathematicians. Indeed, one prime motivation in computing and analyzing digits of π is to explore the age-old question of whether and why these digits appear “random.” The first computation on ENIAC in 1949 of π to 2037 decimal places was proposed by Joh...

Cell death accompanies the formation of free digits in birds and mammals. However, in species with webbing between the adult digits, little or no cell death occurs in the prospectively webbed region of the developing interdigit. Cell death does not occur during the formation of free digits in amphibians. In this paper we report that cell death accompanies the formation of the digits in snapping...

There are some sorts of ‘Preposition + Noun’ combinations in Farsi that apparently a Prepositional Phrase almost behaves as Compound Prepositions. As they are not completely behaving as compounds, it is doubtful that the process of word formation is a morphological one. The analysis put forward by this paper proposes “incorporation” by which an N is incorporated to a P constructing a compound p...