The Capacitated Arc Routing Problem (CARP) is a combinatorial optimization problem, which requires the identification of such route plans on given graph to number vehicles that generates least total cost. Dynamic CARP (DCARP) variation considers dynamic changes in problem. Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm an evolutionary was proven be able provide better performance than many other algorit...

See article by Zolk et al. [11] (pages 563–572) in this analogy with re-expression of foetal genes in several issue. cardiac pathologies, it was logical to assess CARP expresDespite several major advances in the management of sion in similar situations. Thus Eschenhagen’s group [8] congestive heart failure such as the introduction of andemonstrated that CARP expression, at the mRNA and giotensi...

The protein nucleolin, functionally involved in the main steps of ribosome biogenesis, is codified by a single copy gene in mammals. Here we report that at least three different genes codify for this protein in carp fish (Cyprinus carpio). This is the first description of the genomic organization of nucleolin in a teleost. The carp nucleolin gene includes 8.8 kb and contains 16 exons. Promoter ...

Introduction Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) is an important species of freshwater fish in China. It accounts for about 20% of the total freshwater fishery production. Hemorrhagic disease of grass carp is the most serious infectious disease of grass carp and causes significant losses of fingerlings during rearing. Survival to market size is less than 20% if this disease occurs. Hemorrhagi...

Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is a causative agent of haemorrhagic disease in grass carp that drastically affects grass carp aquaculture. Here we report a novel GCRV isolate isolated from sick grass carp that induces obvious cytopathic effect in CIK cells and name it as GCRV096. A large number of GCRV 096 viral particles were found in the infected CIK cells by electron microscope. The shape, size ...

Previously we have shown, using two-dimensional electrophoresis, that mitochondrial ATP synthase (F(o)F(1)-ATPase) beta-subunit is the 55-kDa protein increased in cold-acclimated carp Cyprinus carpio (Kikuchi K, Itoi S, and Watabe S. Fisheries Sci 65: 629-636, 1999). To clarify the coordinate expression in various subunits of carp F(o)F(1)-ATPase with temperature acclimation, we examined the di...

Previously, we have established that a product of the doublecortin-like kinase (DCLK) gene, DCLK-short, is cleaved by caspases during serum deprivation. Subsequently, the N-terminal cleavage product of DCLK-short facilitates apoptosis in the neuroblastoma cell line NG108. As this N-terminal cleavage product is highly homologous to calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-related peptide (CAR...

Hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum L.) and other aquatic macrophytes have historically been mechanically removed from the Rangiriri drain and Churchill East drain to maintain drain efficiency. As an alternative control method for the high plant biomass that accumulates at the end of summer, the effect of stocking diploid grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella L.) on the aquatic vegetation was evalua...

The prevention of non-indigenous aquatic invasive species spreading into new areas is a goal of many resource managers. New techniques have been developed to survey for species that are difficult to capture with conventional gears that involve the detection of their DNA in water samples (eDNA). This technique is currently used to track the invasion of bigheaded carps (silver carp and bighead ca...

Characteristics and functional efficacy of digestive proteases of Catla catla, catla, Labeo rohita, rohu and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, silver carp were studied. Total protease activity was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in rohu (1.219 ± 0.059 U mg protein min) followed by silver carp (1.084 ± 0.061 U mg protein min), and catla (0.193 ± 0.006 U mg protein min). Trypsin activity of silver car...