This pAper expAnds on the analysis presented in a number of previous publications by the institute for security studies (iss)1 on the drivers of conflict and instability in Africa. Apart from contextual analyses from a variety of sources, the paper relies on data from three large conflict data providers, namely the Uppsala Conflict data program (UCdp) at the Uppsala University in sweden,2 the A...

The fact that technologies have unintended consequences is self-evident. But risk management managing the adverse effects of technology is both uncertain and politically contentious, since it entails making decisions about socially important issues in the face of scientific uncertainty. Originating in European environmental policy in the 1970s, the precautionary principle (PP) is embodied in ad...

Why do terrorists terrorize? In this paper, we advance an explanation for terrorist (and anti-terrorist) behavior in societies with deep cleavages that might promote terrorism—for example, in Northern Ireland, Israel, Sri Lanka, the Middle East, and the Balkans. In particular we develop a model of strategic interaction between groups in society as a way of examining the political conditions und...

Previous research has shown that identity fusion can motivate violent self-sacrifice when the group is threatened. In this study we conducted an ethnographic content analysis of fifteen manifestos – expressing varied levels extremism to examine whether and other relevant variables be reliably identified if predictions fusion-plus-threat model are supported. Our findings indicate linguistic prox...

Political populism and extremism pose a serious threat to the establishment of democracy, trust building mutual respect between members different ethnic religious groups. Accordingly, aim this paper is point out specifics political in Bosnia Herzegovina, pointing presence narratives leaders area impact on establishing groups living Herzegovina. In accordance with goal, author first points meani...

While much is known about factors associated with deradicalisation and disengagement from violent extremism terrorism, the underlying mechanisms at play have been under theorised. Literature on criminal desistance has a lot to offer in understanding process of exiting extremism, particularly how it proceeds, why may or not be sustained—what we term as sustainability problem. We draw scholarship...

Violent extremism has become a constant threat to the stability and very existence of state Pakistan. State adopted foreign approaches models deal with violent without understanding local environment drivers extremism. The indiscriminate applications traditional taking into account contextual model have made all attempts directionless miscarry. This study is an attempt construct multi-dimension...

Introduction. The presented paper examines the reasons for development of youth extremism. In this study author draws attention to information infantilism typical young people today. Starting from «being determines consciousness» points out objective reality active involvement in virtual world. As users Internet, join cyber interaction: communication, exchange both personal and group nature.&#x...

This article explores how Muslim-led civil society organizations (CSOs) implement programs to Counter Violent Extremism (CVE) in Malindi, Kenya, while adapting these both their local co...

Vol. 36, No. 6, 1993 207 up to one year, to cause physical disruption to the functioning of an animal enterprise resulting in economic damage exceeding $10,000. The Act also imposes sentences of up to 10 years or life imprisonment, respectively, on persons causing the serious bodily injury or death of another person during the course of such an offense. Congress passed the Animal Enterprise Pro...