The feeding of a protein hydrolysate based 'elemental' diet supplemented with added glutamine did not provide superior protection to the small intestine of dogs subjected to therapeutic pelvic irradiation. Comparison of diets with and without the added glutamine showed significant protection of the intestine from radiation injury. Both histological examination and electron microscopy showed lac...

Treatment of traumatic hip dislocation can be conservative one with closed reduction, made within 48 hours of the accident, or surgical one. Surgical therapy includes many techniques, which are divided on intra and extra-articular ones. Among surgical procedures practice in hip luxation in dogs are: prosthetic capsule repair, joint capsule imbrication, transposition of greater trochanter, prost...

Post surgical adhesion development remains a frequent occurrence and is often unrecognized by surgeons. Peritoneal adhesions are the leading cause of pelvic pain, bowel obstruction and infertility. The prevention of adhesion till date is speculative due to lack of understanding of mechanisms involved in adhesion development. Adhesions are proposed to the disorder of wound healing and imbalance ...

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an unusual hamartomatous polyposis of the gastro intestinal (GI) tract, with pigmentation around lips and macules on the buccal mucosa. The case of a 10-year-old girl who presented with intussusception is reported. A polyp was found to be the cause of an invagination. Histologically it was a hamartoma. PJS is a rare syndrome inherited in an autosomal dominant pat...

Paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare, extra-adrenal tumors, originating from neural crest cells and can occur anywhere from the skull base to the pelvic floor. Although these tumors are often benign, a fraction of malignant cases exist. Few isolated cases of malignant head and neck PGL are reported in the literature. Treatment algorithms rely heavily on retrospective case studies and institutional ex...

Endometriosis is characterized by ectopic endometrial tissue, which responds to ovarian stimulation. Endometrioma is the term given to extra-pelvic endometriosis that forms a discrete mass surrounded by a connective tissue capsule. We present a retrospective review of five patients diagnosed with abdominal wall endometrioma in our institution within the last three years. We review symptoms, dia...

Osteosarcoma may rarely originate from the axial bones such as pelvis or vertebrae. In some pelvic and most vertebral primary tumors, resection often is not possible completely. In general, these tumors cannot be resected with negative margins so they need additional radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but results are unfavourable because of poor local control and high incidence of distant metastase...

The majority (85%) of groin and hamstring problems begin with an acute episode (Fig. 1) but because of inadequate treatment or faulty technique they become recurrent. Therefore, they are preventable. On the other hand, there are often additional factors which may mimic or obscure the clinical picture in a refractory 15% of cases. The aim of this article is to highlight those extra factors which...

Endometriosis is a benign gynecologic disease characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. The complexity of the disease results from its multiple clinical presentations, the multifocal pattern of distribution of the lesions, the presence of extra pelvic sites of the disease (mainly affecting the urinary and the intestinal tracts), and the difficulty in the pr...

Heterotopic pregnancy is very rare under natural circumstances. We report the case of a 28 year old Gravida2 Para1001 woman at 9 weeks of pregnancy who consulted in emergency for acute pelvic pain following metrorrhagia. Physical exam revealed hemoperitoneum without shock. An emergency ultrasonography revealed two gestational sacs, one intra-uterine and the other extra-uterine. Laparotomy was d...