Sir, In Urology Journal 2008;5:269-71, Basiri and Radfar reported on the serious but rare complication of spontaneous intraperitoneal bladder rupture following salvage radiotherapy for biochemically recurrent prostate cancer.(1) This was successfully managed by conservative methods. Bladder rupture has been described as a complication of both pelvic external beam radiation therapy and brachythe...

objective(s): in this study we evaluate the impact of the different aspects of gold nano-particles (gnps) on the target absorptive dose enhancement factor (def) during external targeted radiotherapy with photon beams ranging from kilovolt to megavolt energies using monte carlo simulation. methods: we have simulated the interaction of photon beams with various energies of radiation using water s...