This paper presents main results of a shale stability study, related to the understanding of shale/ fluid interaction mechanisms, and discusses shale strength correlation. The major shale/ fluid interaction mechanisms: Capillary, osmosis, hydraulic, swelling and pressure diffusion, and recent experimental results are discussed. Factors affecting the shale strength are discussed, and a sonic com...

The construction of original functional sample of the portable device for fast analysis of energetic materials has been described in the paper. The portable device consisting of two parts – an original miniaturized microcolumn liquid chromatograph and a unique chemiluminescence detector – has been proposed and realized. In a very short time, this portable device is capable of identifying select...

Laser drilling is a well-established process in aerospace industry. However quality and geometry of holes do not get under control in an absolute way. Moreover, drilling understanding is complicated due to the number of parameters and physical phenomena. Laser and matter have some own parameters which are not constant with temperature, and so could not be fitted. In this paper, we describe the ...

PURPOSE This study investigated the effects of multiple drilling on the immature capital femoral epiphysis following ischemic injury in a piglet model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ischemic necrosis of capital femoral epiphysis was induced bilaterally in 12 piglets using a cervical ligation method. Three weeks later, medial, central, and lateral 3 drill holes were made on the left femoral head using...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare the influences of different implant modalities on orthodontic microimplants and surrounding tissues biomechanically and histologically. METHODS Fifty-six titanium alloy microimplants placed on the buccal side of the maxillae and the mandibles in 2 dogs were divided into 2 groups of 28; one group of microimplants was self-drilling, and the ...

Most oil and gas leases allow the operator to extend possession for an indefinite period by establishing production in paying quantities. We show how this option to “hold by production” (HBP) stimulates the drilling of many wells that would otherwise be uneconomic. Although such wells may superficially appear to be poor investments, in fact they contribute to shareholder value. We also show, ho...

With the introduction of nanotechnology, energy industries envisage a potential revolutionary change in the field of exploration, development and production. Research by universities into such areas as nanosensors, nanomarkers and nanobots to provide valuable data regarding the reservoir are of great focus due to their large potential return on investment, but have yet to yield substantive prod...

We have devised a method, based on a parametric array concept, to create a low-frequency (300-500 kHz) collimated ultrasound beam in fluids highly attenuating to sound. This collimated beam serves as the basis for designing an ultrasound visualization system that can be used in the oil exploration industry for down-hole imaging in drilling fluids. We present the results of two different approac...