This research proposes the combination of a dual-loop non-organic Rankine cycle (DNORC) with an internal combustion engine to increase the output power of the recovery system by focusing on the increase in the energy input and system efficiency. In doing so, it investigates the strategy of increasing the mean effective temperature of heat addition in the high-temperature Rankine cycle (HTRC) (t...

The U.S. Department of Energy Gasoline/Diesel PM Split Study examined the sources of uncertainties in using an organic compound-based chemical mass balance receptor model to quantify the contributions of spark-ignition (SI) and compression-ignition (CI) engine exhaust to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5). This paper presents the chemical composition profiles of SI and CI engine exhaust fr...

The fourth in a series of workshops on issues of helium transport and exhaust in tokamaks, held under the auspices of the International Energy Agency, and sponsored by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and by Forschungszentrum KFA/Juelich, was held from 18 to 21 October 1999 in Jekyll Island, Georgia. Representatives from major fusion research laboratories attended, and 28 talks were given. The tal...

When looking at the effects of diesel engine exhaust on the environment, it is important to first look at the composition of the exhaust gases. Over 99.5% of the exhaust gases are a  combination of  nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water. With the exception of carbon  dioxide, which contributes about  5% of the total volume, the diesel engine exhaust consists of  elements which are part of...

Diesel exhaust is a mixture of combustion gases and ultrafine particles coated with organic compounds. There is concern whether exposure can result in or worsen obstructive airway diseases, but there is only limited information to assess this risk. U.S. railroad workers have been exposed to diesel exhaust since diesel locomotives were introduced after World War II, and by 1959, 95% of the locom...

An experimental study is carried out to investigate engine performance parameters and methods of reducing emissions from spark ignition engine. The used engine is four stroke four cylinder naturally aspirated spark ignition engine with compression ratio of 9, bore diameter of 80 mm and stroke of 90 mm. The engine performance parameters are presented with and without exhaust gases recirculation ...

Hall thrusters and other types of electric propulsion have become a tempting alternative to traditional chemical propulsion systems due to the high specific impulses they provide at relatively high efficiencies. Unlike conventional chemical propulsion systems, electric propulsion devices do not rely on the internal energy stored within their propellant. Instead, an external power source is used...

This paper presents an experimental investigation of various exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates on the engine performance like brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and brake power and engine exhaust gas emission parameters like nitrogen oxides(NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon(HC) and particulate matter (PM) for the fuel used in the engine. Four observations are ma...