The present study provides an empirical evaluation of the ideal representation view of concept representation. We compared the ideal representation view with the more established exemplar and prototype views both in common taxonomic categories and in ad hoc categories. All three views are modeled based on underlying spatial similarity representations. Results suggest that the ideal representati...

In this paper, a hybrid method for occlusion removal using Finite element based Bi-dimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition (FE-BEMD) and Exemplar based image inpainting is discussed. Initially, the image is decomposed into Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) and a Residue using FEBEMD. Then the Exemplar based image inpainting algorithm is applied to each of the IMFs and residue and the results are...

In this paper, we highlight the problems of polysemy in word space models of compositionality detection. Most models represent each word as a single prototype-based vector without addressing polysemy. We propose an exemplar-based model which is designed to handle polysemy. This model is tested for compositionality detection and it is found to outperform existing prototype-based models. We have ...

In this study, we investigated to what extent exemplar-based and prototype predictors can be applied to predicting categorization in natural language concepts. Participants categorized novel tropical foods into two well-known natural language concepts: fruits and vegetables. The results indicate that both the prototype predictors and the exemplar predictors contribute significantly in accountin...

Standard theories of language generally assume that some abstraction of linguistic input is necessary to create higher level representations of linguistic structures (e.g., a grammar). However, the importance of individual experiences with language has recently been emphasized by both usage-based theories (Tomasello, 2003) and grounded and situated theories (e.g., Zwaan & Madden, 2005). Followi...

In this paper, the problem of spatial error concealment for real-time applications is addressed. The proposed method can be categorized in exemplar-based error concealment approaches. In this category, a patch of corrupted pixels are replaced by another patch of the image that contains correct pixels. For splitting the erroneous block to different patches, a novel context-dependent exemplar-bas...

In this study we re-evaluated earlier findings that natural language categories are represented by an exemplar representation rather than by a prototype representation. Using a restricted prototype model, an exemplar model and a “flying” prototype model, we predicted typicality ratings for 11 natural language categories from 2 semantic domains, animals and artifacts. We showed that exemplar mod...

Using a computational model of verb argument structure learning, we study a key assumption of the usage-based theory: that the acquisition of a construction relies heavily on the existence of a high-frequency exemplar verb that accounts for a large proportion of usages of that construction in the input. Importantly, unlike the psycholinguistic experiments that focus on the learning of an artifi...

Explanations for historical chain shifts tend towards the teleological, using abstract ideas like balance and equilibrium as the organizing principles of a language’s sounds. This paper investigates whether there are more basic phonetic principles governing the behavior of sound categories with respect to one another. Using a computational simulation of agents communicating with each other, I s...

The water infrastructure is critical to human life, but little attention has been paid to the nuances of the water industry. Without such attention, evaluating security innovation in this domain without compromising the productivity goals when delivering water services is difficult. This paper proposes four nuances that need to be incorporated into a representative specification exemplar for th...