OBJECTIVE To assess the impact that a mother-to-mother support program operated by La Leche League Guatemala had on early initiation of breast-feeding and on exclusive breast-feeding in peri-urban Guatemala City, Guatemala. MATERIALS AND METHODS A population census was conducted to identify all mothers of infants < 6 months of age, and the mothers were then surveyed on their breast-feeding pr...

Objective: To determine the association between feeding intolerance and late onset sepsis (LOS) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.&#x0D; Material Methods: In this retrospective study inborn infants with a gestational age less than 32 weeks or then 1500 grams were enrolled. Demographic neonatal characteristics of who had culture proven LOS compared control infants, matched for age. &#x0D; ...

Background: It has been shown that there is a partial correlation between blood lead level (BLL) of infants and their mothers. This study was designed to evaluate the BLL of exclusively breast-fed infants less than 6 months of age and their mothers. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on infants below 6 months of age and their mothers who were referred to Mashhad Imam Reza Hospital, Iran...

BACKGROUND The use of microarray technology has resulted in a new classification of breast cancer according to gene expression profiles. None of the reports published so far using this new classification has stratified the studied tumors by histology or size. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was restricted to the ductal infiltrating variety only, and to pT1 size using the immunohistochemical ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of maternal diet during lactation and the use of formula feeds on the development of atopic eczema in infants at risk. DESIGN Mothers who planned to breast feed exclusively were randomly allocated to either a restricted diet (avoiding milk and other dairy products, eggs, fish, peanuts, and soybeans) or a diet without restrictions. Mothers who did not plan to b...

background infant formula means a breast-milk substitute specially manufactured to satisfy, by itself, the nutritional requirements of infants during the first months of life up to the introduction of appropriate complementary feeding. we aimed to determine the cost and burden of formula feeding on the family in al-amara city, iraq. materials and methods a cross-sectional analytic study was car...

background : studies about cancer-related trauma have shown that psychological reactions to the disease are not exclusively negative but most patients also report positive experiences. these positive perceptions are also called post-traumatic growth and benefit patients psychologically, spiritually, and physically. therefore, we have conducted a study about how women with breast cancer perceive...

Despite extensive research efforts to identify unique molecular alter ations in breast cancer, to date, no characteristic has emerged that cor relates exclusively with malignancy. Recently, it has been shown that the multiprotein DNA replication complex (synthesome) from breast cancer cells has a significantly decreased replication fidelity compared to that of nonmalignant breast cells. Prolife...

Adiponectin is a peptide hormone secreted exclusively by adipocytes, and obesity is an established risk factor for breast cancer. We have, thus, evaluated the associations of anthropometric measures of adiposity and adiponectin with the development of breast cancer in a case-control study. Questionnaire information, anthropometric measures, and blood samples were taken before treatment from 244...

OBJECTIVE To investigate and compare feeding practices among infants of less than 7 months of age in a rural and an urban area in Tanzania. DESIGN Cross-sectional, questionnaire-based interview of mothers and focus group discussions with extension workers and community leaders. SETTING Eleven villages in a rural district and 10 wards in an urban district in the Morogoro region, Tanzania, we...