R APID, RELIABLE, and sensitive criteria of protein-nutrition status are essential to diagnosis of subclinical deficiency. Several investigators have suggested that the amount or pattern, or both, of free amino acids in plasma is one such index. Generally, essential amino acids (EAA) are found to be reduced and the nonessential ones (NEAA) to be elevated in plasma of children suffering from pro...

Nutritional fact study has prime importance to make the species edible and commercially viable to the food consumers. The proximate chemical composition and amino acid profile of Gelidium pusillum were studied to understand the nutritional status. The red seaweed Gelidium pusillum was rich in dietary fibre (24.74 ± 1.05%), lipid (2.16 ± 0.61%) and ash content (21.15 ± 0.74%). The mean protein c...

BACKGROUND The authors are aware of only one article investigating amino acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms, and this was published 31 years ago. Since then, both management of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and amino acid assay techniques have seen radical alterations, yet the pathophysiology of SAH remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To ...

In order to ascertain whether autistic children display characteristic metabolic signatures that are of diagnostic value, plasma amino acid analyses were carried out on a cohort of 138 autistic children and 138 normal controls using reverse-phase HPLC. Pre-column derivatization of amino acids with phenyl isothiocyanate forms phenyl thio-carbamate derivates that have a lamba(max) of 254 nm, enab...

Two dimensional thin layer chromatography on polyamide sheets is a useful method for identification of PTH-amino acids which have very close Rf-values. The solvent systems described here are particularly effective and have an edge over other solvent systems used for the separation of PTH-amino acids. The solvent systems provide a clear separation of all PTH-amono acids except lle / Leu in a...

A continuous fluorometric assay was adapted to measure the release of endogenous glutamate from cultured chick retinospheroids. The results obtained with this technique are compared with the release of [3H]D-aspartate from monolayer cultures of chick retina cells. It is shown that although excitatory amino acids may be released in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner, most of the neurotransmitter release ...

The aim of this paper is to review some of the investigations on neurotransmitter systems suggesting their possible role in visual information processing and their putative involvement in the plastic phenomena observed in the primary visual cortex of the cat. The neurotransmitters discussed include excitatory amino acids, ?-amino-butyric acid, acetylcholine, noradrenaline and serotonin. The fol...

Water deprivation is associated with regional increases in sympathetic tone, but whether this is mediated by changes in brain stem regulation of sympathetic activity is unknown. Therefore, this study tested the hypothesis that water deprivation increases excitatory amino acid (EAA) drive of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), by determining whether bilateral microinjection of kynurenate (...

Rats were pretreated with daily cocaine or saline injections for 1 week. The rats treated with daily cocaine were separated into two groups: a sensitized group of animals demonstrating > 20% increase in motor activity on the last injection compared with the first injection of daily cocaine, and a nonsensitized group showing < 20% elevation. At 2-3 weeks after the last daily injection, four expe...

This study presents experimental evidence for the mediation of a behavioral effect of phencyclidine-like drugs by inhibition of neurotransmission at excitatory synapses utilizing N-methyl-aspartate (NMA) receptors by showing that DL-2-amino5-phosphonovalerate, a selective NMA antagonist, produces phencyclidine-like catalepsy in pigeons. This finding suggests the possibility that other behaviora...