The practice of scaling or normalizing physiological variables (Y) by dividing the variable by an appropriate body size variable (X) to produce what is known as a "per ratio standard" (Y/ X), has come under strong criticism from various authors. These authors propose an alternative regression standard based on the linear regression of (Y) on (X) as the predictor variable. However, if linear reg...

PURPOSE This 5-year, prospective, multicenter trial evaluated the long-term safety and efficacy of sacral neuromodulation in patients with refractory urge incontinence, urgency frequency and retention. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 17 centers worldwide enrolled 163 patients (87% female). Following test stimulation 11 patients declined implantation and 152 underwent implantation using Inter...

1. Direct measurements of the minimum energy required for threshold vision under optimal physiological conditions yield values between 2.1 and 5.7 x 10(-10) ergs at the cornea, which correspond to between 54 and 148 quanta of blue-green light. 2. These values are at the cornea. To yield physiologically significant data they must be corrected for corneal reflection, which is 4 per cent; for ocul...

Results 10998 patients were included contributing 43524 person-years of follow-up (PYFU). The majority of followup (80%) was with a viral load ≤500, 12% between 50110000 and 8% >10000. 95%, 72% and 64% of the followup in each strata respectively was in patients who had started cART. 379 AIDS events (14 deaths) occurred. There was a lower incidence of AIDS events in patients with a viral load ≤5...

I present a new analysis of the MACHO Project 5.7 year Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) microlensing data set that incorporates the effects of contamination of the microlensing event sample by variable stars. Photometric monitoring of MACHO LMC microlensing event candidates by the EROS and OGLE groups has revealed that one of these events is likely to be a variable star, while additional data has c...

This paper analyzes the effects of socio-economic factors on life expectancy. Using multiple regression analysis, the paper shows that there is a positive strong correlation between life expectancy as an independent variable and per capita income, health expenditures, literacy rate and daily calorie intake. Also, it shows that there is a negative strong correlation between life expectancy and n...