A binary code with the same weight distribution as its dual code is called formally self-dual (f.s.d.). We only consider f.s.d. even codes (codes with only even weight codewords). We show that any formally self-dual even binary code C of length n not divisible by 8 is balanced. We show that the weight distribution of a balanced near-extremal f.s.d. even code of length a multiple of 8 is unique....

when stretcher came to unit and i was put in my bed, nursing personnel of surgical ward said to me hello. i had seen their face from yesterday night when they were transferring patients from emergency ward to this unit.  in that time, i had the role of emergency ward assistant manager. today, i am a weak patient that even is unable for smallest movement. cause of my admission to hospital is mus...

venereal diseases are still a common problem in today’s world. even though tremendous advances are being made in medicine and large budgets are being spent to control sexually transmitted diseases (stl), especially in western countries. these diseases are still yet very common, and today aids has been added to the threats posed by std to human life. the status of syphilis was evaluated in iran ...

This paper introduces an approach to support different phases of the Even Swaps process by Preference Programming, which is a framework for modeling incomplete information within multiattribute value theory. In the approach, the Even Swaps process is carried out as usual, but in parallel the preferences of the decision maker are modeled with a Preference Programming model, which is also updated...

Uterine prolapse is a condition that has likely affected women for all of time as it is documented in the oldest medical literature. By looking at the watershed moments in its recorded history we are able to appreciate the evolution of urogynecology and to gain perspective on the challenges faced by today's female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgeons in their attempts to treat uterine an...

Throughout the greatest part of our evolutionary history, we were living in small and isolated tribal communities (1). Such a set-up ensured better survival in harsh environments and created distinctive genetic structure of groups that maintained sufficient level of isolation from one another. The traces of such events are clearly visible even today. For example, we are able to discern genetic ...