Assessing the future effects of climate change on water availability requires an understanding of how precipitation and evapotranspiration rates will respond to changes in atmospheric forcing. Use of simplified hydrological models is required because of lack of meteorological forcings with the high space and time resolutions required to model hydrological processes in mountains river basins, an...

This study evaluates the piezometric weighing lysimeter method of van der Kamp and Schmidt, based on two annual cycles of measurements in a mature boreal aspen forest in western Canada. The method is used to infer components of the moisture balance on a scale of hectares. The method is based on accurate measurement of groundwater pore pressure in thick clay formations, and depends on the princi...

The proper assessment of evapotranspiration and soil moisture content arefundamental in food security research, land management, pollution detection, nutrient flows,(wild-) fire detection, (desert) locust, carbon balance as well as hydrological modelling; etc.This paper takes an extensive, though not exhaustive sample of international scientificliterature to discuss different approaches to esti...

To investigate effects of soil moisture heterogeneity on plant physiology and gene expression in roots and leaves, three treatments were implemented in sunflower plants growing with roots split between two compartments: a control (C) treatment supplying 100% of plant evapotranspiration, and two treatments receiving 50% of plant evapotranspiration, either evenly distributed to both compartments ...

The Keersop catchment (43km(2)) in the south of The Netherlands has been contaminated by the emissions of four zinc ore smelters. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of future projected climate change on the hydrology and the leaching of heavy metals (i.e. Cd and Zn) in the catchment. The numerical, quasi-2D, unsaturated zone Soil Water Atmosphere Plant model was used with 100...

In both Australia and Swaziland large areas of sugarcane rely on irrigation to produce a viable crop or to improve rainfed productivity. Matching water supply to crop demand is essential for productivity and sustainability in any irrigation scheme. Historically Class-A pan evaporation was used as a basis for determining sugarcane water demand or evapotranspiration (ETc). ETc is now frequently o...

In 2015, an emergency state was declared in Bolivia when Poopó Lake dried up. Climate variability and the increasing need for water are potential factors responsible for this situation. Because field data are missing over the region, no statements are possible about the influence of mentioned factors. This study is a preliminary step toward the understanding of Poopó Lake drought using remote s...

[1] The optimal parameters and uncertainty estimation of land surface models require that appropriate length of forcing and calibration data be selected for computing error functions. Most of the previous studies used less than two years of data to optimize land surface models. In this study, 18-year hydrometeorological data at Valdai, Russia, were used to run the Chameleon Surface Model (CHASM...

Climate change is affecting agriculture doubly: evapotranspiration is increasing due to increments in temperature while the availability of water resources is decreasing. Furthermore, irrigated areas are expanding worldwide. In this study, the dynamics of climate change impacts on the water cycle of a newly irrigated watershed are studied through the calculation of soil water balances. The stud...

[1] Heterogeneity in small‐scale subsurface flow processes does not necessarily lead to complex system behavior at larger scales. Here we use the simple dynamical systems approach recently proposed by Kirchner (WRR, 2009) to analyze, characterize, and simulate streamflow dynamics in the Swiss Rietholzbach catchment. The Rietholzbach data set used here provides 32 years of continuous and high‐qu...