Satellite photo-comparisons indicate extensive expansion of alder (Alnus) shrubs since 1968 within tundra ecotones near Kharp in northwest Siberia. Field observations reveal that nearly all expansion occurred on exposed circles in patterned ground. We mapped the location of alders and circles and measured surface organic thickness, mineral soil thickness, nearsurface soil temperature, shrub hei...

Three new Diels-Alder adducts, macrourins E - G (1: -3: ), one new 2-arylbenzofuran, macrourin H (4: ), and eight known Diels-Alder adducts (5: -12: ) were isolated from Morus macroura. Their structures were elucidated through extensive analysis of spectroscopic data. The 1H NMR and ECD trends in the determination of the configurations of these Diels-Alder adducts were summarized. The tyrosinas...

There is currently a tremendous interest in developing bioorthogonal "click chemistry" methods for the modification of biopolymers. Very recently, inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reactions have received attention, but to date they have not been applied to nucleic acids. Here we describe the first example of DNA modification by inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction. We synthesized fou...

The melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) plays a central role in regulation of eumelanin (black/brown) and phaeomelanin (red/yellow) synthesis within the mammalian melanocyte and is encoded by the classical Extension (E) coat color locus. Sequence analysis of MC1R from seven porcine breeds revealed a total of four allelic variants corresponding to five different E alleles. The European wild boar poss...

Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is an enveloped non-segmented, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus that Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is an enveloped non-segmented, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus that belongs to the Novirhabdovirus genus of the family  Rhabdoviridae. This virus causes economically significant diseases of farmed rainbow trout, in Turkey, wh...

The Carboni-Lindsey reaction between tetrazines and strained unsaturated hydrocarbons has in recent years become a useful tool bioorthogonal chemistry for labelling biomolecules vitro vivo. Here, we report computational studies on the mechanism of Diels-Alder/Retro-Diels-Alder commercially available tetrazine norbornene. Isomerism with norbornene-amide relevant applications bioconjugation chemi...

Alder and conifer soil were examined for Streptomyces spp. and non-filamentous bacteria antagonistic to Phellinus weirii. Conifer soil supported higher populations Streptomyces spp. and higher percentage of Streptomyces species antagonistic to P. weirii than did alder soil. The populations of non-filamentous bacteria were low in both soils. Alder soil, however, had a higher percentage of non-fi...