When a patient presents with unexpected microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, the diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is often considered. However, many different disorders, including many different systemic infections and malignancies, can cause thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), with the clinical features of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocyto...

This review was written to provide a comprehensive summary of the suggested etiologies of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka. In this review, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is explained in detail and its known etiologies are discussed. CKDu is defined and its epidemiology is discussed, with the compilation of statistic from over 15 research papers through the years 200...

Thrombosis of superior ophthalmic veins (SOV) is a well known entity occurring secondary to varied etiologies. We describe diffusion restriction in thrombosed SOV in two cases of different etiologies- bilateral involvement in a patient with septic cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) and another where embolisation of an indirect carotico-cavernous fistula (CCF) resulted in complete SOV thrombosis a...

Objective To evaluate the etiologies for dense vitreous hemorrhage in adults with non-traumatic and reveal management of early vitrectomy for the disease. Methods Study included 105 eyes from 105 patients. Outcome measures were etiologies of vitreous hemorrhage, formation of retinal and/or disk neovascular membrane (NVM), incidence of retinal tear and detachment, visual acuity (VA) and postoper...

BACKGROUND clinical and biochemical picture of hyperthyroidism in children may significantly change according to its etiologies. OBJECTIVES to report the most recent views about epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical and biochemical course, diagnostic procedures and management of hyperthyroid syndrome in childhood, according to its different etiologies. DESIGN Graves' disease and Hashimoto...