Estrogens are involved in a multiplicity of programmed events in target tissues e.g.: uterus, breast, and pituitary gland, and hormone-responsive tumors occur at these target sites. We have addressed the possibility that all of the estrogens do not produce the same conformation of estrogen receptor alpha (ER). A novel assay in vitro was used to activate the transforming growth factor alpha (TGF...

STUDY DESIGN: Surgically postmenopausal adult female cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) were given either no treatment (n = 26), conjugated equine estrogens (n = 22), or combined therapy with conjugated equine estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate (n = 21). Drugs were administered in the diet, at doses equivalent on a caloric basis to 0.625 mg per woman per day for conjugated equine ...

Oral estrogens are directly associated with changes in plasma levels of coagulation proteins. Thus, the detection of any variation in protein concentrations due to estrogen contraceptives, by a simultaneous analysis of both coagulation proteins and estrogens, would be a very informative tool. In the present study, the merit of photo-selected reaction monitoring (SRM), a new analytical tool, was...

We describe a radioimmunoassay for total estrogens in urine. Estrogens are extracted by adsorption on XAD-2 resin, eluted with methanol, and acid-hydrolyzed. Estrogens are then determined in a diluted aliquot of the hydrolysate. Within-run coefficients of variation for estriol values between 6.0 and 100 micrograms/L were less than 5%; between-run CV was 19.6% at an estriol concentration of 16.8...

The role of estrogens in the prevention of cardiovascular disease is currently of particular interest. Recently, Wenger1 reviewed various randomized clinical trials to assess the effect of hormone replacement therapy in cardiovascular disease and concluded that postmenopausal hormone therapy does not prevent clinical cardiovascular events in healthy women or women with heart disease. The questi...

OBJECTIVES Sex hormones strongly influence skin physiology and evidences suggest wound healing as well. Estrogens establish a prohealing setting, and androgens play an antagonist role. METHODS AND RESULTS We present the case of a young woman in whom pregnancy with its associated hormonal shifts allowed the spontaneous healing of a chronic wound on the left leg with bone exposure, which had fo...

Over the past 50 years dietary estrogens have played an important role in human health and animal agriculture. In the late 1940s compounds present in subterranean clover were shown to alter reproduction in sheep. This reproductive failure had a severe economic impact on the sheep industry in Australia. 1 However the compound responsible for the reproductive failure was not identified for over a...

Estrogen deficiency following menopause results in atrophic skin changes and acceleration of skin aging. Estrogens significantly modulate skin physiology, targeting keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, hair follicles and sebaceous glands, and improve angiogenesis, wound healing and immune responses. Estrogen insufficiency decreases defense against oxidative stress; skin becomes thinner with...

To the Editor: We feel compelled to comment on the Brief Review “Should progestins be blamed for the failure of hormone replacement therapy to reduce cardiovascular events in randomized controlled trials?” by Koh and Sakuma.1 Specifically, although we agree with the suggestion that the effects of estrogen on the vasculature may depend on the extent and severity of existing atherosclerosis, we d...