this article is a postcolonial study about season of migration to the north a novel written by tayyeb salih (the renowned sudanese writer). the novel, season of migration to the north, is the most famous postcolonial arabic novel which has caught the attention of so many literary critics including edward sa’eed, the palestinian-american literary theoretician, and even in 2001, the academy of ar...

There are many known Arabic lexicons organized on different ways, each of them has a different number of Arabic words according to its organization way. This paper has used mathematical relations to count a number of Arabic words, which proofs the number of Arabic words presented by Al Farahidy. The paper also presents new way to build an electronic Arabic lexicon by using a hash function that ...

different symmetries play a role in understanding the meaning of a sentence. syntacticians have been aware of this issue and have used a variety of symmetries in their analyses. when the arabic syntax became familiar with the aristotelian logic and received some philosophical issues, most of the syntacticians focused upon the arabic symmetry and few attentions were directed towards other symmet...

The University of Maryland Researchers participated in both the Arabic-English Cross Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) and Video tracks of TREC-10. In the CLIR track, our goal was to explore effective monolingual Arabic IR techniques and effective query translation from English to Arabic for cross language IR. For the monolingual part, the use of the different index terms including words, s...

In spite of its robust syntax, semantic cohesion, and less ambiguity, lemma level analysis and generation does not yet focused in Arabic NLP literatures. In the current research, we propose the first non-statistical accurate Arabic lemmatizer algorithm that is suitable for information retrieval (IR) systems. The proposed lemmatizer makes use of different Arabic language knowledge resources to g...

Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging is a key step in many NLP algorithms. However, tweets are difficult to POS tag because there are many phenomena that frequently appear in Twitter that are not as common, or are entirely absent, in other domains: tweets are short, are not always written maintaining formal grammar and proper spelling, and abbreviations are often used to overcome their restricted lengt...

We present our correction annotation guidelines to create a manually corrected nonnative (L2) Arabic corpus. We develop our approach by extending an L1 large-scale Arabic corpus and its manual corrections, to include manually corrected non-native Arabic learner essays. Our overarching goal is to use the annotated corpus to develop components for automatic detection and correction of language er...

This paper presents a novel holistic technique for classifying and retrieving Arabic handwritten text documents. The retrieval of Arabic handwritten documents is performed in several steps. First, the Arabic handwritten document images are segmented into words, and then each word is segmented into its connected parts. Second, several features are extracted from these connected parts and then co...