A central issue of intelligent systems that support learning is the adaptation of the learning experiences to the individual needs of the learner. This general issue can be specialised into various different ways of promoting this adaptation according to different educational philosophies. The instructional way is based on planning a sequence of instructional steps based on a previously defined...

The development of web based learning environment for constructivist based learning in higher education is presented in the paper. It was based on the ADDIE model. The main orientation of the authors of the system was to take into account recent findings of pedagogical research and availability of new technologies in order to create efficient and effective learning support for the students. Act...

Patient choice is becoming the centre of health policy in the UK and other countries. But there is ambiguity about what choice means. As the term is used in everyday life, choice is the foundation of the doctrine of patient consent. The doctor is responsible for choosing appropriate treatment, and the patient is responsible for choosing (for consenting to or refusing) what is offered and accept...

One kind of deliberation involves an individual reassessing the strengths of her beliefs in the light of new evidence. Bayesian epistemology measures the strength to which one ought to believe a proposition by its probability relative to all available evidence, and thus provides a normative account of individual deliberation. This can be extended to an account of individual judgement by treatin...

Coloniality represents the contemporary patterns of power and domination that emerged in late 15th century during so-called classic era colonialism. Although much psychology psychological thought has adhered to logic coloniality, there is also a considerable body work sought decolonize psychology. It within this latter tradition decolonizing psychology—which seems have gained increasing attenti...

As visual connectivity improves, an opportunity to enrich and rethink the place of learning design in online and distance education is presenting itself. The opportunity is derived from the increasing scope for personalised synchronous interaction which has been missing in computer mediated communications (CMC) and previous generations of distance education. This paper presents a model which di...

Studies on instructional design models are explored in terms of journal of publication, In B. Wilson (Ed.), Constructivist Learning Environments (pp. Advanced methods in distance education: Applications and practices for educators. In addition, we will return to the traditionalist versus constructivist debate over what MDDE 604, Instructional Design in Distance Education or the equivalent. The ...