Increased concentrations of cellular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have been shown to be beneficial in coronary heart disease, hypertension, and inflammatory disorders. Successful long-term strategies for increasing cellular EPA concentrations require information on the relationships between cellular concentrations of EPA and dietary amounts of alpha-linolenic acid (alpha-LA), a precursor of EPA,...

EPA has established National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for six principal air pollutants or "criteria pollutants" that include carbon monoxide (CO), lead (Pb), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter in two size ranges [less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and less than 10 μm (PM10)], ozone, and sulfur dioxide (http://www.epa.gov/air/criteria.html). While associations have been identified bet...

The present study demonstrated that an omega (n)-3 fatty acid, ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid (ethyl-EPA), supplemented diet significantly attenuated the stress/anxiety behavior of rats in the "open field" and elevated plus maze, which was induced by subchronic intracerebroventricular administration of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1beta. Ethyl-EPA also reduced the rise in serum cortic...

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) protect against cardiovascular disease by largely unknown mechanisms. We tested the hypothesis that EPA and DHA may compete with arachidonic acid (AA) for the conversion by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, resulting in the formation of alternative, physiologically active, metabolites. Renal and hepatic microsomes, as well as various CYP i...

Endothelial cell (EC) migration plays an important role in wound repair of blood vessels. We have previously reported that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5, n-3) pretreatment stimulates migration of ECs but not smooth muscle cells. In the present study, we used the modified Boyden chamber technique to investigate whether the stimulative effect of EPA pretreatment on EC migration is caused by EP...

During cardiac ischaemia antiarrhythmic n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are released following activation of phospholipase A2, if they are in the diet prior to ischaemia. Here we show a positive lusitropic effect of one such PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the antiarrhythmic concentration range in Langendorff hearts and isolated rat ventricular myocytes due to activation of protein...

Obesity-induced inflammation contributes to the development of metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated whether the combination of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and capsaicin could protect against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and related metabolic disorders. The experiments were performe...

The study examined the influence of expanded perlite aggregates (EPA) on mortar properties and whether EPA could replace sand to produce that meets compressive strength requirement ASTM Type M mortar. involved fabricating mortars wherein was substituted by volumes 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% with three types (EPA A, B, Coarse). Results showed EPA-mortars can meet 17.2 MPa. sample attained its grea...

BACKGROUND The ω-3-fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is important in infant brain development and maturation. The advisable intake of the ω-3 fatty acids DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) for pregnant and lactating women is 300 mg/d or 9 g/month. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to test the hypothesis that low-income pregnant/or lactating women do not consume advisable amou...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive fatal neurodegenerative disease characterised by loss of motor neurons that currently has no cure. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have many health benefits including neuroprotective and myoprotective potential. We tested the hypothesis that a high level of dietary EPA could exert beneficial effects i...