Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is an aerosol that contains both vapor and particulate phase components. However, due to their nature, the two aerosol phases rarely correlate well. An accurate determination of ETS levels in indoor air, therefore, requires a proper tracer of both phases. One critical aspect of an ideal ETS tracer is that it should “remain in a fairly consistent ratio to the in...

The stated purpose of Norwegian land use planning is to promote sustainable development. Environmental considerations are central in the planning process, but have to compete with many other goals and interests. In recent years, complexity, population density and similar factors have made the society more vulnerable. Several major floods, landslides and other natural incidents have raised publi...

Sewer system is fundamental urban infrastructure for the public sanitation. Construction of sewer system is needed to invest a huge amount of capitals and labours as well as generates various and wastes and atmospheric emissions, and hence sewer pipes should be appropriately managed in the environemental aspect which is analysis of greenhousegases(GHGs) emissions. In this study, we investigated...

A series of photochemical reactions are assessed under the environmental aspect by using Eissen and Metzger’s EATOS (environmental assessment tool for organic syntheses) method and are compared with strictly analogous thermal processes. These include C–C bond-forming reactions (arylation and alkylation) and selective oxidation and reduction reactions. In most cases, the photochemical method is ...

he authors in the article presented an overview of sustainable development goals field “ecology” for individual countries world and Siberian Federal District Russian Federation (SFD). The purpose study is to analyze achievement Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) rural areas SFD regions at moment according indicators by U.N. General Assembly resolution A/RES/70/1. In addition, considered facto...

Quality metrics, within the field of laser range imaging, are used to quantify by how much some aspect of a measurement deviates from a predefined standard. Measurement quality evaluations are becoming increasingly important in laser range imaging for range image registration, merging measurements, and planning the next best view. Spatial uncertainty and resolution are the primary metrics of im...

Appropriate regulation of reproductive processes are dependent upon the integrity of pituitary function. In this selected review, we evaluate the evidence that certain environmental compounds exert their effect on reproductive function via a direct action on the pituitary gland. We also discuss examples of changes in pituitary hormone secretion that occur in response to changes in neuronal or g...

As a security policy model evolves, the design of security systems using that model could become increasingly complicated. It is necessary to come up with an approach to guide the development, reuse and evolution of the design. In this paper, we propose an aspect-oriented design approach to designing flexible and extensible security systems. A case study demonstrates that such an approach has m...

This is a preview of the workshop on Aspect-Oriented Programming at ICSE 98. It includes an overview of the position papers. The workshop takes place on Monday, April the 2