the second law of thermodynamic (entropy principle) is of special theo-philosophical importance. it seems that this law, which is renowned as “the death of software design” and despite the order in the world, is like an incompatible universal. this article examines the concept of entropy in the three temperature, statistic, and information applications and addresses the contradiction of the sec...

Dynamic random network models are presented as a mathematical framework for modelling and analyzing the time evolution of complex networks. Such framework allows the time analysis of several network characterizing features such as link density, clustering coefficient, degree distribution, as well as entropy-based complexity measures, providing new insight on the evolution of random networks. So...

Ensembles of networks are used as null–models to discriminate network structures. We present an efficient algorithm, based on the maximal entropy method to generate network ensembles defined by the degree sequence and the rich–club coefficient. The method is applicable for unweighted, undirected networks. The ensembles are used to generate correlated and uncorrelated null–models of a real netwo...

In this paper we introduce the concept of entropy operator for continuous systems of finite topological entropy. It is shown that it generates the Kolmogorov entropy as a special case. If $phi$ is invertible then the entropy operator is bounded with the topological entropy of $phi$ as its norm.

We carry out a thermodynamic analysis to an organism. It is applicable to any type of organism because (1) it is based on a thermodynamic formalism applicable to all open thermodynamic systems and (2) uses a general model to describe the internal structure of the organism--the dynamic energy budget (DEB) model. Our results on the thermodynamics of DEB organisms are the following. (1) Thermodyna...

Five condiments, including cinnamon, tangerine peel, clove, licorice, amomum, were selected as the research objects in Guangxi, China. The combustion heat, differential thermal gravimetric analysis, fat, crude fiber, trace element, calcium and ash content data for 5 condiments determined. According to of we constructed a systematic multi-index comprehensive evaluation system using entropy gray ...