in most general and special english courses of the iranian universities, reading comprehension is the main component of the syllabus. nonetheless, in an attempt to improve listening and speaking skills, some general english courses were accompanied by oral presentations, according to which each student had to give a lecture lasting for nearly 10 minutes. the main objective was to investigate th...

the development of materials for language teaching has been retraced from different perspectives. for example, some have identified influences of a social view on designing course books and compiling materials for language classes. the purpose of this article is to focus on the specific case of elt material, its design and priorities in the context of iran. this article also offers a detailed a...

despite fiscal stress, public confidence in the national health service (nhs) remains strong; privatisation has not hollowed out the service. but if long term challenges are to be overcome, pragmatism not rhetoric should be the guide.

the article takes its cue from models of quantitative research applied to complementary/alternative medicine (cam) and pinpoints some innovative features in the case at issue (portugal). it goes on to outline new research scenarios moving beyond the either biomedical or cam framework.

the article by cheri wilson, “patient safety and healthcare quality: the case for language access”, highlights 
the challenges of providing culturally and linguistically appropriate services (clas) to patients with 
limited english proficiency (lep). as the us pursues high-value, high-performance healthcare, our ability 
to meet the needs of our most vulnerable will determine whether we succeed...