—Efficiently using scarce energy is more critical for the nodes which are supplied by energy harvesting. However, it is difficult to optimize the transmit energy of each retransmission when future Channel State Information (CSI) and accurate retransmission number cannot be obtained in Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) system. In this paper, we propose a novel HARQ scheme to allocate the b...

Abstract Converting a water pressurised distribution network into an off-grid pumping station supplied by solar photovoltaics represents challenge for utility managers, user demand assessments evaluate the energy generated in solar-powered systems to establish consumption. This work includes quantifying potential investments and economic savings that could be achieved, as well payback period wh...

Glucose, the main energy substrate used in the CNS, is continuously supplied by the periphery. Glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter, is foreseen as a complementary energy contributor in the brain. In particular, astrocytes actively take up glutamate and may use it through oxidative glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity. Here, we investigated the significance of glutamate as energy ...

Cover photo: The severity of global environment related issues is intensifying. Consequently, there is an urgent need for applications of natural energy such as wind power and solar energy, the utilization of hydrogen energy by using fuel cells or the like, the efficiency transport and supply of energy to areas of demand, non-wasteful utilization of energy that has been supplied, and other meas...

Abstract Research on corn ethanol is overly focused on whether corn ethanol is a net energy yielder and, consequently, has missed some other fundamental issues, including (1) whether there is significant error associated with current estimates of the EROI of corn ethanol, (2) whether there is significant spatial variability in the EROI of corn ethanol production, (3) whether yield increases wil...

We evaluated the effect of energy supplementation on Met use in growing steers. Six ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (228 +/- 8 kg of BW) were used in a 6 x 6 Latin square and fed 2.8 kg of DM/d of a diet based on soybean hulls. Treatments were abomasal infusion of 2 amounts of Met (0 or 3 g/d) and supplementation with 3 amounts of energy (0, 1.3, or 2.6 Mcal of GE/d) in a 2 x 3 factorial a...

The energy expenditure (24h total energy expenditure, TEE) of a healthy individual or a patient is a vital reference point for nutritional therapy to maintain body mass. TEE is usually determined by measuring resting energy expenditure (REE) by indirect calorimetry or by estimation with the help of formulae like the formula of Harris and Benedict with an accuracy of +/-20%. Further components o...

Like every panel of physiology or medicine, metabolism has been studied and taught by the categorical method. But, for a full understanding of the subject, synthesis and integration are essential. Energy production and caloric needs are only significant when the purposes to which the energy is directed are taken into account. It may be useful to regard the body as a complex industrial plant or ...