It has been recognized that the vehicle in which a permeant is applied to the skin has a distinctive effect on the dermal and transdermal delivery of active ingredients. The cutaneous and percutaneous absorptions can be enhanced, e.g. by an increase in thermodynamic activity, supersaturation and penetration modifiers. Furthermore, dermal and transdermal delivery can be influenced by the interac...

THE USE OF PURPLE SWEET POTATO MEAL (Ipomea batas L) AS A FILLER ON SENSORIC CHARACTERISTIC CHICKEN SAUSAGE. This study aims to know how the use of purple sweet potato meal (Ipomoea batatas as filler on sensory characteristic chicken sausage. The materials used in this were fresh breast, meal. Design research was Completely Randomized (RAL). treatment R1: adding 10 g; R2: 20 R3: 30 g dan R4: 40...

In many studies for chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma, the Lipiodol emulsion preparation protocols, especially the mixing steps, were unclear or even unrevealed at all. However, doxorubicin (DOX) release may depend on the composition and volume ratio (Lipiodol to DOX solution) of a Lipiodol emulsion. Therefore, we conducted a preclinical study to compare in-vitro drug release and in...

Insect repellent DEET and sunscreen ingredient oxybenzone play an essential role in minimizing vector-borne diseases and skin cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of emulsion type, addition of thickening agent and droplet size in three emulsion-based lotions on percutaneous permeation of DEET and oxybenzone using in vitro diffusion experiments, in order to minimize ...

Surfactant-free emulsions by adding jojoba oil, squalane, olive oil, or glyceryl trioctanoate (medium chain fatty acid triglycerides, MCT) to electrolytic-reduction ion water containing lithium magnesium sodium silicate (GE-100) were prepared, and their physiochemical properties (thixotropy, zeta potential, and mean particle diameter) were evaluated. At an oil concentration of 10%, the zeta pot...

Collection of Taiwanese text corpus with phonetic transcription suffers from the problems of multiple pronunciation, or pronunciation variation. By further augmenting the text with read speech, and using automatic speech recognition with a sausage searching net constructed from the multiple pronunciations of the text corresponding to its speech utterance, we are able to reduce the effort for ph...

We investigated the in situ gene expression profile of sulfur-turf microbial mats dominated by an uncultured large sausage-shaped Aquificae bacterium, a key metabolic player in sulfur-turfs in sulfidic hot springs. A reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed that the genes responsible for sulfide, sulfite, and thiosulfate oxidation and carbon fixation via the reductive TCA cycle were continuo...

It would be a lot easier to enjoy your life if there weren't so many things trying to kill you every day. The problems start even before you're fully awake. There's the fall out of bed that kills 600 Americans each year. There's the early-morning heart attack, which is 40% more common than those that strike later in the day. There's the fatal plunge down the stairs, the bite of sausage that get...

The origin of meat products and any porcine contamination should be carefully analyzed for Halal certificaiton. Different methods are utilized for origin detection and of meat and meat products. Due to the sencitivity and selectivity, Real Time PCR is used widely in the area. In this method, even very small amounts of DNA can be determined. In this study, sausages from the most famous sausage b...

In 1994, an outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 infection was linked to dry, fermented, pork and beef salami. In response to this first implication of a dry fermented sausage product, the United States Department of Agriculture/Food Safety Inspection Service developed guidelines requiring sausage manufacturers to validate that their processes achieve a five-log reduction of E. coli O157:H7. Various val...