We report and characterize anomalous orbital-energy changes observed during six Earth flybys by the Galileo, NEAR, Cassini, Rosetta, and MESSENGER spacecraft. These anomalous energy changes are consistent with an empirical prediction formula which is proportional to the total orbital energy per unit mass and which involves the incoming and outgoing geocentric latitudes of the asymptotic spacecr...

A computer implemented algorithm to solve the following graph theoretical problem is presented: given the empirical formula for a molecule and one or more non-overlapping substructural fragments of the molecule, determine all the distinct molecular structures based on the formula and containing the fragments. That is, given a degree sequence of labeled nodes and one or more connected multigraph...

Pitocin (oxytocin injection, USP) is a sterile, clear, colorless aqueous solution of synthetic oxytocin, for intravenous infusion or intramuscular injection. Pitocin is a nonapeptide found in pituitary extracts from mammals. It is standardized to contain 10 units of oxytocic hormone/mL and contains 0.5% Chlorobutanol, a chloroform derivative as a preservative, with the pH adjusted with acetic a...

Joegoldsteinite, a new sulfide mineral of end-member formula MnCr2S4, was discovered in the Social Circle IVA iron meteorite. It is a thiospinel, the Mn analog of daubréelite (FeCr2S4), and a new member of the linnaeite group. Tiny grains of joegoldsteinite were also identified in the Indarch EH4 enstatite chondrite. The chemical composition of the Social Circle sample determined by electron mi...

cosine of angle ij θ between the vectors . i j x and x An arbitrary real symmetric matrix, Q (defined above), is not a genuine product moment correlation matrix obtainable from some real X although it may appear to be so. Such negative semidefinite (nsd) or pseudocorrelation matrices may enter into empirical investigation due to several reasons. First, the coefficients of correlation may not be...

In a recent paper [1], Talukder proposed a new empirical formula for electron-impact ionization cross sections of He-like ions that was claimed to excellently agree with the available experimental and theoretical data. Discussing this agreement, the author of reference [1] makes extensive comparison with our recommended formula of reference [2] (referred to as “BRY” in [1] although it would be ...

Welded joints are prone to fatigue cracking with the existence of welding defects and bending stress. Fracture mechanics is a useful approach in which the fatigue life of the welded joint can be predicted. The key challenge of such predictions using fracture mechanics is how to accurately calculate the stress intensity factor (SIF). An empirical formula for calculating the SIF of welded joints ...

Riboflavin or vitamin B2 (no. 1), a definite member of the 1 vitamin B complexis a pigment of the flavin type and has the empirical formula C17H20N4O?. It has also been called vitamin G, lactoflavin and ovaflavin. The other vitamin B2 (no. 2)?the P-P factor, nicotinic acid?has the formula C0H4N COOH, and its amide, C6H4N CONH?. Riboflavin has been isolated in pure form from liver, yeast and mil...

We take the point of view of a particle performing random walk with bounded jumps on Z in a stationary and ergodic random environment. We prove the quenched large deviation principle (LDP) for the pair empirical measure of the environment Markov chain. By an appropriate contraction, we deduce the quenched LDP for the mean velocity of the particle and obtain a variational formula for the corresp...

This study presents a framework with closed-form solutions for the bimodal coupled bridge aerolastic system, and points out the control parameters which critically influence the generation of inter-modal coupling and aerodynamic damping. Accordingly, this information helps in developing a guideline for the selection of most important structural modes in a coupled flutter analysis. The role of e...