Decisions can be taken to increase energy efficiency and to mitigate the emissions to the environment by examining the energy audit and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions footprint of crop production in different ways and in different regions, with comparable principles. In this study, energy consumption and energy indices of tomatoes production in four regions of Iran including East Azerbaijan...

Methane (CH4) has a 28-fold greater global warming potential than CO2 over one hundred years. Atmospheric CH4 concentration has tripled since 1750. Anthropogenic CH4 emissions from China have been growing rapidly in the past decades, and contribute more than 10% of global anthropogenic CH4 emissions with large uncertainties in existing global inventories, generally limited to country-scale stat...

Scientific assessments of agricultural air quality, including estimates of emissions and potential sequestration of greenhouse gases, are an important emerging area of environmental science that offers significant challenges to policy and regulatory authorities. Improvements are needed in measurements, modeling, emission controls, and farm operation management. Controlling emissions of gases an...

Agriculture contributes about 60% of New Zealand’s total greenhouse gas emissions. Management practices for reducing these emissions will be required to meet our future international commitments. This paper presents estimates of two practical on-farm measures for reducing total greenhouse gas emissions from an average dairy farm on the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand: 1) the incor...

Aplysia central neurons were injected with the calcium-sensitive photoprotein aequorin and stimulated with trains of identical depolarizing voltage-clamp pulses. The light emissions grew and the outward currents declined in successive pulses. Tetraethylammonium (TEA) enhanced the light emissions to single depolarizing pulses and suppressed the outward current. The remaining net inward current i...

A mobile laboratory was used to measure onroad vehicle emission ratios during the MCMA-2003 field campaign held during the spring of 2003 in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA). The measured emission ratios represent a sample of emissions of in-use vehicles under real world driving conditions for the MCMA. From the relative amounts of NOx and selected VOC’s sampled, the results indicate th...

1 Foreword 2 Introduction 3 Biomass Energy with Negative Emissions 4 Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) 4 Ethanol program in Brazil 5 Negative emissions in the bioenergy lifecycle 5 Carbon Capture, Conversion and Storage 7 Conversion 7 Capture 8 Storage 9 CCS 9 Biochar 10 Oceans and carbon storage 12 Addressing Other Contributions to Carbon Emissions 12 Methane emissions from the...

Animal welfare legislation in the EU, i.e., the EU Directives for the protection of farm animals coming into force by 2013 the latest, and the EU Regulation on organic farming might lead to an increase in ammonia (NH3) emissions. A review of the available, although rather limited, literature reveals that animal-friendly housings systems, in line with welfare legislation, are not ammonia-neutral...

This study evaluates the regional and sectoral CO2 emissions estimated by different CO2 emissions accounting methodologies around 2050 under different CO2 reduction scenarios. The production-based measurement of CO2 emissions is based on polluter pays principle, while the consumption-based measurement is based on beneficiary pays principle. In the field of global warming, the widely used method...