Pneumonia is inflammation within the lung caused by infection with micro-organisms. Clinically the diagnosis is made either by physical signs or radiological evidence of consolidation within the lungs. The terms pneumonitis and alveolitis also imply inflammation but in practice are reserved for conditions associated with chemical and physical injury to the lungs. Physical signs to localize abno...

The emergency department (ED) is commonly the point of entry to the medical system for older adults, who present with a wide variety of problems. Although the ED is generally thought of as a location for the diagnosis and treatment of acute medical and surgical emergencies, it may also be the access point for older adults with chronic conditions or social and psychiatric problems. For younger a...

International emergency medicine development includes many activities. Among them are efforts to establish and support the development of the specialty of emergency medicine. In carrying out such activities, it is important for emergency physicians to be aware of the story of the establishment and development of the specialty of emergency medicine in the United States and to seek ways to suppor...

Emergency Medicine is a relatively young specialty in the United States, but the concepts and practices of the American model of Emergency Medicine are quickly taking root in many countries interested in developing their own emergency care systems.1 International Emergency Medicine presents a unique opportunity to participate in a vital health care service developing in different cultural setti...

The active interchange of intellectual ideas in the quest to improve healthcare globally will likely be best served by active interchange among physicians around the world. Subspecialty fellowship training programs for United States and foreign graduates will provide a focused path to development of a global network of physicians dedicated to the delivery of high-quality emergency health services.

The perception of emergency medicine as a defined specialty may vary widely in different locations around the world. While no single emergency medical system can fulfil the needs of all countries, there are three main models of delivery: the European model, the Anglo-American model, and the neglect model. This article reviews aspects of emergency medical systems around the world and compares th...

Timothy B. Erickson, MD, FACEP, FACMT Department of Emergency Medicine; Director, Section of Toxicology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL. Steven E. Aks, DO, FACMT Fellowship Director, Toxikon Consortium; Cook County Hospital, University of Illinois Hospital, RushPresbyterian-St. Luke’s Medical Center, Chicago, IL. Leon Gussow, MD, ABMT Department of Emergency Medicine, Cook County Hospital,...

It has been more than a decade since emergency medicine became recognized as a specialty in the Kingdom of Bahrain. In the last fifteen years emergency medicine has widely established itself and developed rapidly in the Kingdom. The three main emergency departments are: Salmanyia Medical Complex (SMC), Royal Medical Services of Bahrain Defence Force (RMS-BDF) and King Hamad University Hospital ...