Abstract BACKGROUND The topologically associated domain (TAD) on 8q24 surrounding MYC is important for many types of cancer. region also in the formation IDH-mutant glioma; risk allele rs55705857 being with development these tumors. significantly increased tumors an mouse model. Cerebral organoids have been found to recapitulate early brain. We hypothesized that may alter phenotype cerebral org...

We propose a novel electrochemical detection system for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity using the difference in water and oil solubilities between the substrate, ferrocene ethyl phosphate ester (FcEtOPO(3)(2-)), and the enzymatic product, ferroceneethanol (FcEtOH). In this system, water droplets containing ALP and FcEtOPO(3)(2-) were placed on a Pt disk microelectrode and surrounded by a mi...

We have tested the requirement of keratin intermediate filaments for the formation and function of a simple epithelium. We disrupted both alleles of the mouse keratin 8 (mK8) gene in embryonic stem cells, and subsequently analyzed the phenotype in developing embryoid bodies in suspension culture. After the inactivation of the mouse keratin 8 (mK8) gene by a targeted insertion, mK8 protein synth...

The helix-loop-helix transcription factor, scl, plays an essential role in hematopoietic development. Embryos in which the gene has been disrupted fail to develop yolk sac erythropoiesis, and scl-null embryonic stem cells do not contribute to hematopoiesis in chimeric mice. To analyze the molecular consequences of scl deficiency, we compared the gene expression profiles of control (wild-type an...

BACKGROUND The recent breakthrough in the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, which are almost indistinguishable from embryonic stem (ES) cells, facilitates the generation of murine disease- and human patient-specific stem cell lines. The aim of this study was to characterize the cardiac differentiation potential of a murine iPS cell clone in comparison to a well-established mur...

Plasminogen activators are believed to play an important role in tissue remodeling and cell migration. During mouse embryogenesis, visceral endoderm secretes urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) whereas parietal endoderm secretes tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA). Visceral endoderm from F9 embryoid bodies can transdifferentiate into parietal endoderm under the appropriate culture co...

Hsp47 is a molecular chaperone that specifically recognizes procollagen in the endoplasmic reticulum. Hsp47-null mouse embryos produce immature type I collagen and form discontinuous basement membranes. We established Hsp47-/- embryonic stem cell lines and examined formation of basement membrane and production of type IV collagen in embryoid bodies, a model for postimplantation egg-cylinder sta...

Both the extracellular matrix and parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) have been implicated in the differentiation and migration of extra-embryonic endodermal cells in the pre-implantation mammalian blastocyst. In order to define the individual roles and interactions between these factors in endodermal differentiation, we have used embryoid bodies derived from Lamc1(-/-) embryonic stem c...

The formation of the proamniotic cavity in the mammalian embryo is the earliest of many instances throughout development in which programmed cell death and the formation of epithelia play fundamental roles (Coucouvanis, E., and G.R. Martin. 1995. Cell. 83:279-287). To determine the role of the basement membrane (BM) in cavitation, we use embryoid bodies derived from mouse embryonic stem cells i...