Type 2 diabetes ultimately results from pancreatic β-cell failure. Abnormally elevated intracellular regeneration of glucocorticoids by the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) in fat or liver may underlie pathophysiological aspects of the metabolic syndrome. Elevated 11β-HSD1 is also found in pancreatic islets of obese/diabetic rodents and is hypothesized to suppress insul...

Cardiovascular (CV) disease remains the leading cause of preventable death in the US. Hyperlipidemia is a major modifiable risk factor for CV disease, and after numerous clinical trials have demonstrated that reductions in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol with statin therapy can prevent major adverse CV events, statins have emerged as the drug of choice to lower LDL cholesterol and red...

Rising serum FSH levels is one of the earliest signs of human female reproductive aging. Whether or not elevated FSH remains a passive reflection of a diminishing ovarian follicle pool or actively contributes to declining female fertility with age has not been established. We therefore investigated female reproduction in mice expressing progressively rising serum levels of transgenic human FSH ...

Background. In the follow-up of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients treated with curative thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation, raised thyroglobulin (Tg) predicts recurrence with reasonable sensitivity and specificity. However, a proportion of patients present with raised Tg level but no other clinical evidence of disease. Only limited data on Tg kinetics have been reported to date. Here ...

Background: Even though hormonal changes in pregnancy have been associated with plasma lipid variation, is not yet understood the mechanism which pregnancy alters lipid metabolism. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study conducted between March 2011 and May 2012 in Shariati Hospital on 112 pregnant women with GDM and 159 healthy pregnant women. In order to determine lipids or li...

INTRODUCTION At present the most widely accepted tool for follow-up management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients is serum thyroglobulin (Tg) measurement. It is not uncommon for the serum Tg level to be measured while the patient is taking thyroid hormones (on-treatment Tg measurement). The purpose of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of on-treatment measurement of serum Tg in...

The concentration of thyroglobulin (TG) in the circulation can be measured by a sensitive, specific, convenient radioimmunoassay. TG is found in the circulation of virtually all normal subjects. It is present in elevated concentrations in patients with a wide variety of thyroid diseases including benign and malignant tumors, multinodular goiter, subacute thyroiditis, Graves' disease and others....

We have developed a sensitive experiment which allows the measurement of the growth of holes in thin freely standing polystyrene ~PS! films at elevated temperatures. In the experiment, a constant small pressure difference is applied and maintained across the freely standing film, and the formation and growth of holes is detected as a flow of air through the film. From measurements of freely sta...

The availability of CD4C/HIV(MutA) transgenic (Tg) mice expressing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in immune cells and developing an AIDS-like disease has provided the opportunity to devise a model of mucosal candidiasis that closely mimics the clinical and pathologic features of candidal infection in human AIDS. After intraoral infection with Candida albicans, oral burdens were strikingly ...

Iodination of the isolated thyroglobulin (Tg) by peroxidase was compared with various Tg preparations obtained from patients with thyroid diseases. For the purpose, the iodination process was observed in the incubation medium containing Tg, iodide, H2O2-generating system, and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) or lactoperoxidase (LPO). During the incubation, iodination of Tg preparations increased gradua...