We review recent theoretical developments about the role of spins, electron-electron interactions, and spin-orbit coupling in metal nanoparticles and semiconductor quantum dots. For a closed system, in the absence of spin-orbit coupling or of an external magnetic field, electron-electron interactions make it possible to have ground states with spin S > 1/2. We review here a theoretical analysis...

Recent experimental advances in scanning tunneling microscopy make the measurement of the conductance spectra of isolated and magnetically coupled atoms on nonmagnetic substrates possible. Notably, these spectra are characterized by a competition between the Kondo effect and spin-flip inelastic electron tunneling. In particular they include Kondo resonances and a logarithmic enhancement of the ...

Recent experimental advances in scanning tunneling microscopy make the measurement of the conductance spectra of isolated and magnetically coupled atoms on nonmagnetic substrates possible. Notably these spectra are characterized by a competition between the Kondo effect and spin-flip inelastic electron tunneling. In particular they include Kondo resonances and a logarithmic enhancement of the c...

We review recent theoretical developments about the role of spins, electron-electron interactions, and spin-orbit coupling in metal nanoparticles and semiconductor quantum dots. For a closed system, in the absence of spin-orbit coupling or of an external magnetic field, electron-electron interactions make it possible to have ground states with spin S > 1/2. We review here a theoretical analysis...

Extended electron spin precession in n-type GaAs bulk semiconductors is directly observed by femtosecond time-resolved Faraday rotation in the Voigt geometry. Synchronous optical pumping of the spin system amplifies and sustains spin motion, exposing a regime where spin lifetimes increase tenfold at low fields and exceed 100 ns at zero field. Precise studies in field and temperature provide clu...

Kerr rotation measurements on a single electron spin confined in a charge-tunable semiconductor quantum dot demonstrate a means to directly probe the spin off-resonance, thus minimally disturbing the system. Energy-resolved magneto-optical spectra reveal information about the optically oriented spin polarization and the transverse spin lifetime of the electron as a function of the charging of t...

We study zero-bias spin separation in (Cd,Mn)Te/(Cd,Mg)Te diluted magnetic semiconductor structures. The spin current generated by electron gas heating under terahertz radiation is converted into a net electric current by applying an external magnetic field. The experiments show that the spin polarization of the magnetic ion system enhances drastically the conversion process due to giant Zeeman...

For Entangled electron pairs superconducting spintronics, there exist two drawbacks in existing proposals of generating entangled electron pairs. One is that the two kinds of different spin entangled electron pairs mix with each other. And the other is a low efficiency of entanglement production. Herein, we report the spin entanglement state of the ferromagnetic insulator (FI)/s-wave supercondu...

The pathophysiology of hypertension or stroke is associated with an excess of ROS generation in the vascular system, and results in induction of various pathological cascades of cerebrovascular damage. We have demonstrated that electron spin resonance methods using a spin trap or spin probe will be useful for understanding redox status under conditions of oxidative stress in the spontaneously h...

We demonstrate that in an inversion-asymmetric quasi-two-dimensional electron system (quasi2DES) with both Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings at present, certain transport directions on which no spin precession occurs can be found when the injected spin is properly polarized. By analyzing the expectation value of spin with respect the injected electron state on each space point in the ...