Results from three-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic particle simulations of AlfvCn waves generated by an electron beam in a nonrelativistic electron-positron plasma are presented. The results show that electrostatic modes are excited due to the beam instability. The bunches of the particles (electrons and positrons) caused by electrostatic waves are directly involved in the generation of AlfvC...

This paper deals with transmission theory of plane electromagnetic waves in free space and in cylindrical regions of arbitrary cross section. Transmission properties of such waves can be expressed very simply in the same terms as the properties of electric waves guided by a pair of parallel wires. The earlier parts of the paper are concerned with general theorems and the latter parts with their...

background the increasing use of mobile phones in recent years has caused concerns about the effects of electromagnetic waves of mobile phonesonhuman biological processes. objectives this study was conducted in order to survey the effects of mobile electromagnetic waves on electro cardiogram parameters as heart rate, tp segment, pr interval, time of qrs and t waves, and voltage of r wave. patie...

Introduction: The continuous rapid growth of the telecommunications industry and common application of cell phones have raised debates on the human health risks associated with exposure to radio frequency fields due to these phones or their base stations and other sources such as radar, radio/television waves, and industrial and medical applications. This study aimed to invest...

Waves are familiar to us all--such as ocean waves, sound waves, light waves, and waves in a string. Waves may appear to be traveling or appear to be standing still. There are those being transported by a medium as for the ocean or in a guitar string and those that travel best through empty space such as the electromagnetic spectrum including visible light. Waves are a common means by which ener...