The increased capacity of hypertensive subjects to excrete sodium is frequently reduced by effective antihypertensive drug treatment. This reduction in sodium excretion is not necessarily associated with changes in renal hemodynamic function or resting sodium excretion. It appears to result from an alteration in renal tubular activity. The findings suggest that the arterial pressure per se may ...

An understanding of pediatric fluid therapy is one of the most important advances in pediatric medicine and a cornerstone of current inpatient practice for children with a wide range of acute and chronic conditions. Before beginning to calculate deficit fluid replacement and manage electrolyte disturbances, it is important to understand the pathophysiology behind water homeostasis and maintenan...

While a number of electrolytes play a role in the genesis of the transmembrane action potential (AP), the changes in the action potential most clearly related to arrhythmias are dependent to a large extent on K+. Potassium gradient is a major determinant of the magnitude of transmembrane resting potential (TRP), and secondarily the rate of rise (dV/dt) of phase 0, and consequently the speed of ...

low temperature is one of main factors limiting distribution of woody plants. in order to evaluate the resistance of 4-years old seedlings and adult trees of maclura pomifera to freezing stress, a factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design with three replications in the faculty of agriculture, university of tehran. during 2012-2013 sampling were done from the ann...

abstract turf grass as a main grown cover plant has a unique place in green space planning. in order to study the effect of hydrogel and paclobutrazol on water requirement of turfgrasse (lolium perenne l. barbal) a factorial experiment based on a brcd with 3 replication was conducted in the summer of 2010 in mashhad. the factors under study were 4 levels of hydrogel (0, 3, 6, 9 gr/kg soil), 3 l...

background nowadays percutaneous nephrolithotomy (pcnl) is performed in prone and supine positions. physiologic solutions should be used to irrigate during pcnl. irrigation can cause hemodynamic, electrolyte and acid-base changes during pcnl. objectives the current study aimed to compare the electrolyte, hemodynamic and metabolic changes of prone and complete supine pcnl. patients and methods i...

Aqueous supercapacitors (SCs) are highly desirable as the next generation of energy storage devices, holding promise being environmentally friendly and free safety concerns. However, their low water-splitting voltage prevents practical applications. Here, we utilize a dielectric-polymer-coated, hierarchically structured carbon electrode to prepare dielectric-electrolyte SC (DESC), which exhibit...

Non-aqueous electrolyte liquids such as carbonate solvents have been widely employed in the commercial lithium-ion batteries and development of next-generation rechargeable batteries. The decomposition products organic additive molecules contribute to formation solid interphases (SEIs) on electrode surface, which key impacts battery's electrochemical performance. rational engineering systems de...