Spray drift assessment encompasses classification of the capacity of each sprayer/ technology/setting combination to reduce or avoid the spray drift risk, as well as drift measurement to define buffer zones mandated during pesticide application. Compounding the challenge of these tasks is the great variability of field evaluation results from environmental conditions, spray application technolo...

It is not known whether sea spray droplets can act as agents that influence air-sea gas exchange. We begin to address that question here by evaluating the time scales that govern spray-mediated air-sea gas transfer. To move between the interior of a spray droplet and the atmospheric gas reservoir, gas molecules must complete three distinct steps: (1) Gas molecules must mix between the interior ...

A two-part study was conducted at a commercial beef slaughter plant to determine the effects of conventional and spray chilling on carcass yields and traits, and also to determine the effects of carcass spacing on carcass yields in a spray-chilling system. In the first part, 15 steer beef carcasses per day were selected on three consecutive days, and alternate right and left sides were subjecte...

Seaweeds and seaweed extract (SWE) possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, prebiotic, and growth-promoting properties. Extracts can be prepared in different ways including wet, spray-dried, and freeze-dried forms. The aim of this study was to determine if spray drying of laminarin and fucoidan derived from Laminaria digitata had an effect on the microbiological and cytokine profile of the gas...

Considering heavy forged parts presented that water spray is an appropriate technique as quenching operation. In general, the rapid cooling causes residual stress field due to the dis-homogeneity of the distribution of temperature in the part and the different microstructural phases. In comparison with other conventional quenching methods, spray-quenching method could have a capability to contr...

A system is introduced for the simulation of spray painting. Head mounted display goggles are combined with a tracking system to allow users to paint a virtual surface with a spray gun. Ray tracing is used to simulate droplets landing on the surface of the object, allowing arbitrary shapes and spray gun patterns to be used. This system is combined with previous research on spray gun characteris...

This paper is about a development process of a novel sound effect device, which resembles ordinary spray can, with the purpose of adding sound elements to existing spray paint art. To this end, we first investigate the processes and the characteristics of spray paint art and find the common elements that can be expressed in an auditory form. We then design a prototype using Arduino and various ...

Increased machine efficiency is a requirement in today’s world and geared transmissions are no exception. A back-toback gear test rig was used to compare dip lubrication with spray lubrication regarding gearbox efficiency, mesh efficiency, gear temperature and surface roughness. Gears lubricated at the inlet of the mesh show a lower measured temperature when compared to spray lubrication at the...

Clobetasol propionate is a super-high potent class 1 topical corticosteroid available in several formulations, including a spray formulation that is approved for use up to 4 weeks in patients aged 18 years and older with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. The efficacy and safety of clobetasol propionate spray 0.05% has been extensively evaluated in clinical trials in more than 2200 patients w...

BACKGROUND The emergence and rapid spread of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1pdm) in humans highlights the importance of enhancing the capability of existing influenza surveillance systems with tools for rapid identification of emerging and re-emerging viruses. One of the new approaches is the RT-PCR electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RT-PCR/ESI-MS) technology, which is ba...