The macroanatomy, histology, and fine structure of the avian oviduct is reviewed and related to its role in fertile egg production. The avian oviduct functions as a biological assembly line, beginning sequentially with the deposition of the albumen around the fertilized or unfertilized ovum, then the shell membrane, and lastly, the shell, all within 25 hr of ovulation. While in transit through ...

1. The second-stage larva of the plant parasitic nematode Heterodera rostocfaensis shows very little movement while confined to the egg; on the other hand, the larva of the closely related Meloidogyne incognita is very active 2. Using interference microscopy, it is shown that the water content of the Heterodera larva increases immediately it is liberated from the egg while that of the Meloidogy...

PHILLIP CASSEY,* JOHN G. EWEN, N. JUSTIN MARSHALL, MISHA VOROBYEV, TIM M. BLACKBURN & MARK E. HAUBER Centre for Ornithology, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK Institute of Zoology, Regents Park, London NW1 4RY, UK Vision, Touch and Hearing Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia Optometry and Vision Science, Univer...

this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of crude protein and probiotic in diets on performance, egg quality  and blood biochemical and immunity parameters of laying hens. a completely randomized design with factorial method (2×4) was conducted in which two levels of crude protein (nrc and 10% lower than nrc recommendation) and 4 levels of probiotic (0, .025%, 0...

In an experiment with 288 laying hens from a commercial strain (Hy-line W36), the effect of partial and total replacement of soybean meal, corn grain, wheat grain and wheat bran with dried tomato pulp (DTP) on performance and egg quality was determined. In the 12 week experiment, hens (27 to 38 weeks of age) were allocated to four dietary treatments being: DTP0, DTP50, DTP100 and DTP150 of 72 b...

This study aimed at evaluating the effect of dietary calcium levels and the replacement of calcium sources with different particle size compositions on the performance and egg quality of brown layers in their second egg production cycle. A randomized block experimental design was applied with 12 treatments in a 3x4 factorial arrangement: three calcium levels (2.6, 3.2, 3.8 %) and four combinati...

Ministry of the Flemish Community, Agricultural Research Centre, Department of Animal Product Quality and Transformation Technology, Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090 Melle, Belgium Laboratory of Agricultural Machinery and Processing, Department of Agro-Engineering and Economics, Catholic University Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Prese...

Morphogenesis of the respiratory appendages on eggshells of Drosophila species provides a powerful experimental system for studying how cell sheets give rise to complex three-dimensional structures. In Drosophila melanogaster, each of the two tubular eggshell appendages is derived from a primordium comprising two distinct cell types. Using live imaging and three-dimensional image reconstruction...

Unquestionably, the sanitary quality of the hatching eggs will affect the quality of the day-old chicks. The egg leaves the oviduct free of any microorganisms (except for vertically-transmitted pathologies), but even eggs which are laid « clean » present a wide diversity of bacteria on the shell. Furthermore, after being laid, the egg’s temperature drops (from 41 to 21°C), which causes embryoni...

The effect of either hot or cool brooding litter temperature on feed consumption, BW, and mortality of broiler chicks that had been exposed to either normal or high temperature during latter stages of incubation was studied in 2 experiments. The duration of experiments 1 and 2 was 14 and 21 d, respectively, with BW and feed consumption determined at 2, 5, 7, and 14 d of age in experiment 1 and ...