نتایج جستجو برای: egg external trait
تعداد نتایج: 309364 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
—Measures of repeatability have long been used to assess patterns of variation in egg size within and among females. We compared different analytical approaches for estimating repeatability of egg size of Black Brant. Separate estimates of repeatability for eggs of each clutch size and laying sequence number varied from 0.49 to 0.64. We suggest that using the averaging egg size within clutches ...
Hen egg plays a crucial role in the development of embryonic bird. It serves first as source of energy and nutriments of high digestibility and, second, protects embryonic bird against external aggressions. The unique structure of egg with yolk containing the embryo surrounded by albumen and shell as physical barriers is the first element of this protection. The second one consists in the pecul...
The counterpart of a previously described non-pterodactyloid pterosaur with an egg revealed the presence of a second egg inside the body cavity of this gravid female. It clearly shows that pterosaurs had two functional oviducts and demonstrates that the reduction of one oviduct was not a prerequisite for developing powered flight, at least in this group. Compositional analysis of one egg sugges...
objective: the main objective of this research was estimation of genetic parameters for five consecutive measurements of egg weights in isfahan fowl using multi trait model and random regression models. methods: the statistical models included generation-hatch as a fixed effect, weeks of age as a covariate and additive genetic and individual permanent environmental effects as random effects. th...
genetic parameters direct and maternal in fars native flows using the bayesian statistical approach, was estimation with consider body weight at a day of age (bw1), body weight at eight weeks of age (bw8), body weight at 12 weeks of age (bw12), age at sexual maturity (asm), egg number (egp) and mean egg weight during 28th, 30th and 32nd week ages (av283032) fars native flows. genetic parameters...
Background Salmonella is recognized as a common bacterial cause of foodborne diarrheal illness worldwide, and animal or its food products have been the most common vehicles of the Salmonella infections. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of Salmonella in two commercial layer farms and to determine the genetic relatedness between these strains. The Salmonella isolates were serotype...
In the current study, two groups of lines Coturnix Japonica Quail that were selected for hig (HW) and low (LW) body weight at the age of 4 weeks for 7 generations were used. HW line after selection for 7 generations was significantly heavier than LW line in the same generation at the age of 28days (p<0.01). 21 females, and 11 males from the HW, 18 females and 10 male from the LW lines were mat...
Converging evidence reveals significant increase in both state anxiety and trait anxiety during the past 2 decades among military servicemen and servicewomen in China. In the present study, we employed the Chinese version of the State-trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to examine trait and state anxiety in Chinese military servicemen and servicewomen. We further evaluated orienting, alerting and ex...
Respiration in fishes involves buccal pumping, which is characterized by the generation of nearly continuous water flow over the gills because of the rhythmic expansion/compression of the pharyngeal cavity. This mechanism is achieved by the functions of the vascular, skeletal, and muscular systems. However, the process by which the embryo establishes the mechanism remains a mystery. Morphologic...
This article reviews central nervous system substrates and autonomic correlates of emotion dysregulation and offers several suggestions for future research. Studies conducted in the last two decades indicate that effective emotion regulation requires efficient top-down, cortically mediated regulation of bottom-up, subcortically mediated individual differences in trait impulsivity and trait anxi...
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