Abstrac t Real estate’s role in the financial crisis has forced central banks and academics to focus on real estate risk’s spillover effects. However, findings this matter are erratic could differ from country country. Prior research mostly ignored risk contagion at level of industry instead concentrated institutions. Therefore, analyze China’s a novel perspective industrial chain, mixed model ...

This study analyses some political factors determining budget deficit in Pakistan. It examines the short and long-run relationship between the Budget deficit, democracy and cabinet size for Pakistan’s economy. The bounds testing approach to co-integration and (ECM) error-correction models, developed within an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) framework is applied to annual data for the peri...

At present, the largest commodity futures variety in global market is crude oil futures, which plays a role price discovery, risk hedging, and stabilizing international prices. The fluctuation of its key issue that governments, investors, scholars around world pay attention to. This paper establishes GARCH model EGARCH under three distribution states t distribution, Normal GED distribution. The...

This paper investigates the asymmetric impact of energy consumption on economic growth by including oil prices, capital and labour as additional determinants in production function. In doing so, the non-linear ARDL bounds testing approach is applied for the period of 1985QI-2016QIV. The empirical evidence confirms the presence of symmetric and asymmetric cointegration between energy consumption...

This paper contributes to the literature by empirically examining whether the influence of public debt on economic growth differs between the short and the long run and presents different patterns across euro-area countries. To this end, we use annual data from both central and peripheral countries of the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) for the 1960-2012 period and estimate a growth ...