A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of digital game-based learning (DGBL) in English as a foreign language (EFL) contexts. Twenty-five studies were included and they yielded a medium positive effect size (d = 0.695, p < .05 under the fixed-effect model; d = 0.777, p < .05 under the random-effects model), suggesting DGBL to be more effective than traditional instruction such...

Background: This study investigates possible mechanisms that can explain the association between unemployment and smoking, that is a) unemployment increases smoking probability (causation), b) smoking increases the probability to become unemployed (selection), and c) differences in both smoking and unemployment probabilities trace back to differences in socio-economic position (common cause). M...

This paper investigates the performance of three types of random coefficients logistic regression models; that is, models using parametric, semi-parametric, and nonparametric specifications of the distribution of the random effects. Whereas earlier studies focussed on models with a single random effect, here we look at models with multidimensional random effects (intercepts and slopes). Moreove...

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.01.022 0003-3472/© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsev license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Many animals actively defend their offspring using a range of behaviours from calling and mobbing in birds, to physical grappling in crustaceans, and the expression of these behaviours positively scale with offspring value. While this role of beh...

Nonlinear mixed-effects models involve both fixed effects and random effects. Model building for nonlinear mixed-effects models is the process of determining the characteristics of both the fixed and the random effects so as to give an adequate but parsimonious model. We describe procedures based on information criterion statistics for comparing different structures of the random effects compon...

summary effect estimates for any exposure (including the lowest effect estimates) and the risk of asthma onset for both the fixed-and random-effects models and the heterogeneity statistics for the main analysis, studies on adults, cohort studies, large studies, European studies, studies from other climatic zones, studies with follow-up > 3 years, studies applying self-report for exposure assess...

A nonlinear mixed-effects modeling approach was used to model the individual tree height–diameter relationship based on Chapman-Richards function for dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii. Rupr.) plantations in northeastern China. The study involved the estimation of fixed and random parameters, as well as procedures for determining random effects variance-covariance matrices to reduce the number of t...

Non linear mixed effect models are classical tools to analyze non linear longitudinal data in many fields such as population Pharmacokinetic. Groups of observations are usually compared by introducing the group affiliations as binary covariates with a reference group that is stated among the groups. This approach is relatively limited as it allows only the comparison of the reference group to t...

This paper investigates whether the existence of knowledge spillovers, differences in the capacity of fi rms to assimilate them and disparities in some human resource management practices are related with the decision to innovate of Spanish fi rms. In order to do this, we employ data from the “Central de Balances” database, which covers both manufacturing and services fi rms during the period 2...

This paper provides new evidence on the time use and emotional well-being of unemployed individuals in the weeks before and after starting a new job. The major findings are: (1) time spent on home production drops sharply at the time of re-employment, even when controlling for individual fixed effects; (2) time spent on leisure-related activities, which the unemployed find less enjoyable, drops...